Contrast invariance by LGN synaptic depression (Banitt et al. 2007)

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Accession:114637
"Simple cells in layer 4 of the primary visual cortex of the cat show contrast-invariant orientation tuning, in which the amplitude of the peak response is proportional to the stimulus contrast but the width of the tuning curve hardly changes with contrast. This study uses a detailed model of spiny stellate cells (SSCs) from cat area 17 to explain this property. The model integrates our experimental data, including morphological and intrinsic membrane properties and the number and spatial distribution of four major synaptic input sources of the SSC: the dorsal lateral geniculate nucleus (dLGN) and three cortical sources. ... The model response is in close agreement with experimental results, in terms of both output spikes and membrane voltage (amplitude and fluctuations), with reasonable exceptions given that recurrent connections were not incorporated."
Reference:
1 . Banitt Y, Martin KA, Segev I (2007) A biologically realistic model of contrast invariant orientation tuning by thalamocortical synaptic depression. J Neurosci 27:10230-9 [PubMed]
2 . Anderson JC, Douglas RJ, Martin KA, Nelson JC (1994) Map of the synapses formed with the dendrites of spiny stellate neurons of cat visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 341:25-38 [PubMed]
3 . Anderson JC, Douglas RJ, Martin KA, Nelson JC (1994) Synaptic output of physiologically identified spiny stellate neurons in cat visual cortex. J Comp Neurol 341:16-24 [PubMed]
4 . Banitt Y, Martin KA, Segev I (2005) Depressed responses of facilitatory synapses. J Neurophysiol 94:865-70 [PubMed]
Citations  Citation Browser
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell;
Brain Region(s)/Organism:
Cell Type(s): Neocortex spiny stellate cell;
Channel(s): I Na,t; I A; I K; I K,Ca; I Calcium;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Pattern Recognition; Activity Patterns; Parameter Fitting; Active Dendrites; Synaptic Integration; Vision;
Implementer(s):
Search NeuronDB for information about:  I Na,t; I A; I K; I K,Ca; I Calcium;
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SSC_model
ReadMe.html
ReadMe_orig
iA.mod
iap.mod
ic.mod
ical.mod
VectorSynNS.mod
axon.hoc
InitArrays.hoc
InitSSCArrays.hoc
InitSynapses.hoc
j3886d_sdt.hoc
MeasureDist.hoc
mosinit.hoc
ssc.hoc
sscDistCl1
sscDistCl2
sscDistCl3
sscDistCl4
sscProxCl1
sscProxCl2
sscProxCl3
sscProxCl4
sscSomaCl1 *
sscSomaCl2 *
sscSomaCl3 *
sscSomaCl4 *
                            
/*---------------------------
defining # of excitatory and inhibitory synapses per 100 microns 
of proximal & distal ssc dendrtie, and the ratio of identified 
input sources. arrays of 5 numbers correspond to synapses from:
0 - empty
1 - LGN
2 - other SSC from L4
3 - L6 pyramids
4 - Inhibitory synapses from basket cell
These correspnd to Stratford et al. 1996 whoc clasfified inputs to
class1 to class 3 for the excitatory inputs.
(If array has only 4 cells, it is only for the three excitatory 
inputs).
------------------------------*/

//only about 80% of the synapses were accounted for by ahmed et al. 1994:
KnownExcSyn = 0.79				//excitatory
KnownInSyn  = 0.84				//inhibitory

/*****************************
//# of excitatory and inhibitory synappses on soma and per 100 
microns of proximal and distal dendrites:
****************************/
DensOfSomaExcSyn = 0 			//excitatory synapses on soma
DensOfSomaInSyn  = 0  			//inhibitory synapses on soma
DensOfProxExcSyn = 62			//excitatory synapses per proximal dendrite
DensOfProxInSyn  = 33			//inhibitory synapses per proximal dendrite
DensOfDistExcSyn = 117			//excitatory synapses per distal dendrite
DensOfDistInSyn  = 5			//inhibitory synapses per distal dendrite

//# of synapses on the soma is 0 for the ssc, the following is for compatability with basket cell:
double RatioSomaExcSyn[5]

//ratio of each input source out of the proximal excitatory synapses:
double RatioProxExcSyn[4]
RatioProxExcSyn[1] = 0.15		//LGN
RatioProxExcSyn[2] = 0.35		//L4
RatioProxExcSyn[3] = 0.5		//L6

//ratio of each input source out of the distal excitatory synapses:
double RatioDistExcSyn[4]
RatioDistExcSyn[1] = 0.07		//thalmaic afferents
RatioDistExcSyn[2] = 0.29		//othe L4 input
RatioDistExcSyn[3] = 0.64		//L6 input