Emergence of physiological oscillation frequencies in neocortex simulations (Neymotin et al. 2011)

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Accession:138379
"Coordination of neocortical oscillations has been hypothesized to underlie the "binding" essential to cognitive function. However, the mechanisms that generate neocortical oscillations in physiological frequency bands remain unknown. We hypothesized that interlaminar relations in neocortex would provide multiple intermediate loops that would play particular roles in generating oscillations, adding different dynamics to the network. We simulated networks from sensory neocortex using 9 columns of event-driven rule-based neurons wired according to anatomical data and driven with random white-noise synaptic inputs. ..."
Reference:
1 . Neymotin SA, Lee H, Park E, Fenton AA, Lytton WW (2011) Emergence of physiological oscillation frequencies in a computer model of neocortex. Front Comput Neurosci 5:19 [PubMed]
Citations  Citation Browser
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Realistic Network;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Neocortex;
Cell Type(s): Neocortex L5/6 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex L2/3 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex V1 interneuron basket PV GABA cell; Neocortex fast spiking (FS) interneuron; Neocortex spiny stellate cell;
Channel(s):
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s): GabaA; AMPA; NMDA; Gaba;
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s): Gaba; Glutamate;
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Activity Patterns; Oscillations; Synchronization; Laminar Connectivity;
Implementer(s): Lytton, William [bill.lytton at downstate.edu]; Neymotin, Sam [Samuel.Neymotin at nki.rfmh.org];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Neocortex L5/6 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex L2/3 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex V1 interneuron basket PV GABA cell; GabaA; AMPA; NMDA; Gaba; Gaba; Glutamate;
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fdemo
readme.txt
intf6_.mod
misc.mod *
nstim.mod *
stats.mod *
vecst.mod
col.hoc
declist.hoc *
decmat.hoc *
decnqs.hoc *
decvec.hoc *
default.hoc *
drline.hoc *
filtutils.hoc
finish_run.hoc
grvec.hoc *
init.hoc *
labels.hoc *
local.hoc *
misc.h
mosinit.hoc
network.hoc
nload.hoc
nqs.hoc *
nqsnet.hoc *
nrnoc.hoc *
params.hoc
python.hoc *
pywrap.hoc *
run.hoc
setup.hoc
simctrl.hoc *
spkts.hoc *
stats.hoc *
syncode.hoc *
xgetargs.hoc *
                            
// $Id: misc.h,v 1.33 2010/06/05 15:32:28 billl Exp $

#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <limits.h> /* contains LONG_MAX */
#include <time.h>
#include <sys/time.h>
// #include <values.h>  use limits.h above instead
#include <float.h> // added to declare DBL_MAX etc...
#include <pthread.h>
#include <stdint.h>

#if !defined(t)
  #define _pval pval
#endif

typedef struct LISTVEC {
  int isz;
  Object* pL;
  double** pv;
  unsigned int* plen;
  unsigned int* pbuflen;
} ListVec;

typedef struct BVEC {
 int size;
 int bufsize;
 short *x;
 Object* o;
} bvec;

#define BYTEHEADER int _II__;  char *_IN__; char _OUT__[16]; int BYTESWAP_FLAG=0;
#define BYTESWAP(_X__,_TYPE__) \
    if (BYTESWAP_FLAG == 1) { \
	_IN__ = (char *) &(_X__); \
	for (_II__=0;_II__<sizeof(_TYPE__);_II__++) { \
		_OUT__[_II__] = _IN__[sizeof(_TYPE__)-_II__-1]; } \
	(_X__) = *((_TYPE__ *) &_OUT__); \
    }

#define UNCODE(_X_,_J_,_Y_) {(_Y_)=floor((_X_)/sc[(_J_)])/sc[4]; \
                             (_Y_)=floor(sc[4]*((_Y_)-floor(_Y_))+0.5);}
#define MIN(X,Y) ((X) < (Y) ? (X) : (Y))
#define MAX(X,Y) ((X) > (Y) ? (X) : (Y))

//square root of 2 * PI
#define SQRT2PI 2.5066282746310002416
//ln(2), base e log of 2
#define LG2 0.69314718055994530941723212145818
#define VRRY 200
#define ISVEC(_OB__) (strncmp(hoc_object_name(_OB__),"Vector",6)==0)

// Andre Fentons cast designations
typedef	unsigned char	ui1;	/* one byte unsigned integer */
typedef	char		si1;	/* one byte signed integer */
typedef unsigned short	ui2;	/* two byte unsigned integer */
typedef short		si2;	/* two byte signed integer */
typedef unsigned int	ui4;	/* four byte unsigned integer */
typedef int		si4;	/* four byte signed integer */
typedef float		sf4;	/* four byte signed floating point number */
typedef double		sf8;	/* eight byte signed floating point number */

extern double ERR,GET,SET,OK,NOP,ALL,NEG,POS,CHK,NOZ,GTH,GTE,LTH,LTE,EQU;
extern double EQV,EQW,EQX,NEQ,SEQ,RXP,IBE,EBI,IBI,EBE;

extern double *vector_newsize (IvocVect* vv, int n);
#ifndef NRN_VERSION_GTEQ_8_2_0
extern double* hoc_pgetarg();
extern void hoc_notify_iv();
extern double hoc_call_func(Symbol*, int narg);
extern FILE* hoc_obj_file_arg(int narg);
extern Object** hoc_objgetarg();
char *gargstr();
char** hoc_pgargstr();
extern void vector_resize();
extern int vector_instance_px();
extern void* vector_arg();
extern double* vector_vec();
extern int vector_buffer_size(void*);
extern void mcell_ran4_init(uint32_t idum);
extern double mcell_ran4(unsigned int* idum,double* ran_vec,unsigned int n,double range);
extern int nrn_mlh_gsort(double* vec, int* base_ptr, int total_elems, int (*cmp)(double, double));
extern int ivoc_list_count(Object*);
extern int hoc_is_double_arg(int narg);
extern int hoc_is_str_arg(int narg);
extern int hoc_is_object_arg(int narg);
extern int hoc_is_pdouble_arg(int narg);
extern Symbol *hoc_get_symbol(char *);
extern Symbol *hoc_lookup(const char*);
extern Point_process* ob2pntproc(Object*);
extern char* hoc_object_name(Object*);
extern double nrn_event_queue_stats(double*);
extern void clear_event_queue();
extern void cvode_fadvance(double);
extern int hoc_is_tempobj(int narg);
extern int hoc_is_tempobj_arg(int narg);
extern Object* ivoc_list_item(Object*, int);
#endif
extern unsigned int hashseed2 (int na, double* x);
extern unsigned int  dcrsz;
extern double       *dcr;
extern double       *dcrset(int);
extern unsigned int  scrsz;
extern unsigned int *scr;
extern unsigned int *scrset(int);
extern unsigned int  iscrsz;
extern int *iscr;
extern int *iscrset(int);
extern double BVBASE;
extern double hoc_epsilon;
extern int stoprun;
extern void set_seed();
extern void dshuffle(double* x,int nx);
extern void ishuffle(int* x,int nx);
extern unsigned int valseed;
extern int list_vector_px2 (Object *ob, int i, double** px, IvocVect** vv);
extern int list_vector_px3 (Object *ob, int i, double** px, IvocVect** vv);
extern int list_vector_px4 (Object *ob, int i, double** px, unsigned int n);
extern int cmpdfn(double a, double b);
extern int openvec(int, double **);
int list_vector_px(Object *ob, int i, double** px);
double *list_vector_resize(Object *ob, int i, int sz);
static void hxe() { hoc_execerror("",0); }
extern void FreeListVec(ListVec** pp);
extern ListVec* AllocListVec(Object* p);
extern ListVec* AllocILV(Object*, int, double *);
void FillListVec(ListVec* p,double dval);
void ListVecResize(ListVec* p,int newsz);
extern short *nrn_artcell_qindex_;
extern int IsList (Object* p);
extern int uniq2 (int n, double *x, double *y, double *z);
static void vprpr (double x, int base);

static double sc[6];
static FILE*  testout;

//* in vecst.mod
extern int** getint2D(int rows,int cols);
extern void freeint2D(int*** ppp,int rows);
extern double** getdouble2D(int rows,int cols);
extern void freedouble2D(double*** ppp,int rows);
extern double ismono1 (double *x, int n, int flag);

//* in stats.mod
double kcorfast(double* input1, double* input2, double* i1d , double* i2d,int n,double* ps);
double Rktau (double* x, double* y, int n); // R version
double kcorfast (double* input1, double* input2, double* i1d , double* i2d,int n,double* ps);