Rhesus Monkey Layer 3 Pyramidal Neurons: Young vs aged PFC (Coskren et al. 2015)

 Download zip file   Auto-launch 
Help downloading and running models
Accession:168858
Layer 3 (L3) pyramidal neurons in the lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) of rhesus monkeys exhibit dendritic regression, spine loss and increased action potential (AP) firing rates during normal aging. The relationship between these structural and functional alterations, if any, is unknown. Computational models using the digital reconstructions with Hodgkin-Huxley and AMPA channels allowed us to assess relationships between demonstrated age-related changes and to predict physiological changes that have not yet been tested empirically. Tuning passive parameters for each model predicted significantly higher membrane resistance (Rm) in aged versus young neurons. This Rm increase alone did not account for the empirically observed fI-curves, but coupling these Rm values with subtle differences in morphology and membrane capacitance Cm did. The predicted differences in passive parameters (or other parameters with similar effects) are mathematically plausible, but must be tested empirically.
Reference:
1 . Coskren PJ, Luebke JI, Kabaso D, Wearne SL, Yadav A, Rumbell T, Hof PR, Weaver CM (2015) Functional consequences of age-related morphologic changes to pyramidal neurons of the rhesus monkey prefrontal cortex. J Comput Neurosci 38:263-83 [PubMed]
Citations  Citation Browser
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell;
Brain Region(s)/Organism:
Cell Type(s): Neocortex L2/3 pyramidal GLU cell;
Channel(s): I Na,t; I A; I K; I M; I h; I K,Ca; I Calcium; I_AHP;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Influence of Dendritic Geometry; Detailed Neuronal Models; Action Potentials; Aging/Alzheimer`s;
Implementer(s): Weaver, Christina [christina.weaver at fandm.edu];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Neocortex L2/3 pyramidal GLU cell; I Na,t; I A; I K; I M; I h; I K,Ca; I Calcium; I_AHP;
/
CoskrenEtAl2015
HHmodel
Scripts
hoc
x86_64
.libs
kvz_nature.mod *
max.mod *
naz_nature.mod *
origlen.mod *
peak.mod *
vsource.mod *
kvz_nature.c *
kvz_nature.lo *
libnrnmech.la *
max.c *
max.lo *
mod_func.c *
mod_func.lo *
naz_nature.c *
naz_nature.lo *
origlen.c *
origlen.lo *
peak.c *
peak.lo *
special *
vsource.c *
vsource.lo *
                            
/* Created by Language version: 6.2.0 */
/* NOT VECTORIZED */
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
#include "scoplib_ansi.h"
#undef PI
#define nil 0
#include "md1redef.h"
#include "section.h"
#include "nrniv_mf.h"
#include "md2redef.h"
 
#if METHOD3
extern int _method3;
#endif

#if !NRNGPU
#undef exp
#define exp hoc_Exp
extern double hoc_Exp(double);
#endif
 
#define _threadargscomma_ /**/
#define _threadargs_ /**/
 
#define _threadargsprotocomma_ /**/
#define _threadargsproto_ /**/
 	/*SUPPRESS 761*/
	/*SUPPRESS 762*/
	/*SUPPRESS 763*/
	/*SUPPRESS 765*/
	 extern double *getarg();
 static double *_p; static Datum *_ppvar;
 
#define t nrn_threads->_t
#define dt nrn_threads->_dt
#define gbar _p[0]
#define gna _p[1]
#define minf _p[2]
#define hinf _p[3]
#define mtau _p[4]
#define htau _p[5]
#define m _p[6]
#define h _p[7]
#define ina _p[8]
#define ena _p[9]
#define Dm _p[10]
#define Dh _p[11]
#define _g _p[12]
#define _ion_ena	*_ppvar[0]._pval
#define _ion_ina	*_ppvar[1]._pval
#define _ion_dinadv	*_ppvar[2]._pval
 
#if MAC
#if !defined(v)
#define v _mlhv
#endif
#if !defined(h)
#define h _mlhh
#endif
#endif
 
#if defined(__cplusplus)
extern "C" {
#endif
 static int hoc_nrnpointerindex =  -1;
 /* external NEURON variables */
 extern double celsius;
 /* declaration of user functions */
 static void _hoc_myexp(void);
 static void _hoc_rates(void);
 static void _hoc_states(void);
 static void _hoc_trap0(void);
 static void _hoc_trates(void);
 static int _mechtype;
extern void _nrn_cacheloop_reg(int, int);
extern void hoc_register_prop_size(int, int, int);
extern void hoc_register_limits(int, HocParmLimits*);
extern void hoc_register_units(int, HocParmUnits*);
extern void nrn_promote(Prop*, int, int);
extern Memb_func* memb_func;
 extern void _nrn_setdata_reg(int, void(*)(Prop*));
 static void _setdata(Prop* _prop) {
 _p = _prop->param; _ppvar = _prop->dparam;
 }
 static void _hoc_setdata() {
 Prop *_prop, *hoc_getdata_range(int);
 _prop = hoc_getdata_range(_mechtype);
   _setdata(_prop);
 hoc_retpushx(1.);
}
 /* connect user functions to hoc names */
 static VoidFunc hoc_intfunc[] = {
 "setdata_na", _hoc_setdata,
 "myexp_na", _hoc_myexp,
 "rates_na", _hoc_rates,
 "states_na", _hoc_states,
 "trap0_na", _hoc_trap0,
 "trates_na", _hoc_trates,
 0, 0
};
#define myexp myexp_na
#define trap0 trap0_na
 extern double myexp( double );
 extern double trap0( double , double , double , double );
 /* declare global and static user variables */
#define Rg Rg_na
 double Rg = 0.0091;
#define Rd Rd_na
 double Rd = 0.024;
#define Rb Rb_na
 double Rb = 0.124;
#define Ra Ra_na
 double Ra = 0.182;
#define q10 q10_na
 double q10 = 2.3;
#define qinf qinf_na
 double qinf = 6.2;
#define qi qi_na
 double qi = 5;
#define qa qa_na
 double qa = 9;
#define tadj tadj_na
 double tadj = 0;
#define temp temp_na
 double temp = 23;
#define thinf thinf_na
 double thinf = -65;
#define thi2 thi2_na
 double thi2 = -75;
#define thi1 thi1_na
 double thi1 = -50;
#define tha tha_na
 double tha = -35;
#define usetable usetable_na
 double usetable = 1;
#define vshift vshift_na
 double vshift = -10;
#define vmax vmax_na
 double vmax = 100;
#define vmin vmin_na
 double vmin = -120;
 /* some parameters have upper and lower limits */
 static HocParmLimits _hoc_parm_limits[] = {
 "usetable_na", 0, 1,
 0,0,0
};
 static HocParmUnits _hoc_parm_units[] = {
 "vshift_na", "mV",
 "tha_na", "mV",
 "qa_na", "mV",
 "Ra_na", "/ms",
 "Rb_na", "/ms",
 "thi1_na", "mV",
 "thi2_na", "mV",
 "qi_na", "mV",
 "thinf_na", "mV",
 "qinf_na", "mV",
 "Rg_na", "/ms",
 "Rd_na", "/ms",
 "temp_na", "degC",
 "vmin_na", "mV",
 "vmax_na", "mV",
 "gbar_na", "pS/um2",
 "gna_na", "pS/um2",
 "mtau_na", "ms",
 "htau_na", "ms",
 0,0
};
 static double delta_t = 1;
 static double h0 = 0;
 static double m0 = 0;
 static double v = 0;
 /* connect global user variables to hoc */
 static DoubScal hoc_scdoub[] = {
 "vshift_na", &vshift_na,
 "tha_na", &tha_na,
 "qa_na", &qa_na,
 "Ra_na", &Ra_na,
 "Rb_na", &Rb_na,
 "thi1_na", &thi1_na,
 "thi2_na", &thi2_na,
 "qi_na", &qi_na,
 "thinf_na", &thinf_na,
 "qinf_na", &qinf_na,
 "Rg_na", &Rg_na,
 "Rd_na", &Rd_na,
 "temp_na", &temp_na,
 "q10_na", &q10_na,
 "vmin_na", &vmin_na,
 "vmax_na", &vmax_na,
 "tadj_na", &tadj_na,
 "usetable_na", &usetable_na,
 0,0
};
 static DoubVec hoc_vdoub[] = {
 0,0,0
};
 static double _sav_indep;
 static void nrn_alloc(Prop*);
static void  nrn_init(_NrnThread*, _Memb_list*, int);
static void nrn_state(_NrnThread*, _Memb_list*, int);
 static void nrn_cur(_NrnThread*, _Memb_list*, int);
static void  nrn_jacob(_NrnThread*, _Memb_list*, int);
 
static int _ode_count(int);
 /* connect range variables in _p that hoc is supposed to know about */
 static const char *_mechanism[] = {
 "6.2.0",
"na",
 "gbar_na",
 0,
 "gna_na",
 "minf_na",
 "hinf_na",
 "mtau_na",
 "htau_na",
 0,
 "m_na",
 "h_na",
 0,
 0};
 static Symbol* _na_sym;
 
extern Prop* need_memb(Symbol*);

static void nrn_alloc(Prop* _prop) {
	Prop *prop_ion;
	double *_p; Datum *_ppvar;
 	_p = nrn_prop_data_alloc(_mechtype, 13, _prop);
 	/*initialize range parameters*/
 	gbar = 1000;
 	_prop->param = _p;
 	_prop->param_size = 13;
 	_ppvar = nrn_prop_datum_alloc(_mechtype, 3, _prop);
 	_prop->dparam = _ppvar;
 	/*connect ionic variables to this model*/
 prop_ion = need_memb(_na_sym);
 nrn_promote(prop_ion, 0, 1);
 	_ppvar[0]._pval = &prop_ion->param[0]; /* ena */
 	_ppvar[1]._pval = &prop_ion->param[3]; /* ina */
 	_ppvar[2]._pval = &prop_ion->param[4]; /* _ion_dinadv */
 
}
 static void _initlists();
 static void _update_ion_pointer(Datum*);
 extern Symbol* hoc_lookup(const char*);
extern void _nrn_thread_reg(int, int, void(*f)(Datum*));
extern void _nrn_thread_table_reg(int, void(*)(double*, Datum*, Datum*, _NrnThread*, int));
extern void hoc_register_tolerance(int, HocStateTolerance*, Symbol***);
extern void _cvode_abstol( Symbol**, double*, int);

 void _naz_nature_reg() {
	int _vectorized = 0;
  _initlists();
 	ion_reg("na", -10000.);
 	_na_sym = hoc_lookup("na_ion");
 	register_mech(_mechanism, nrn_alloc,nrn_cur, nrn_jacob, nrn_state, nrn_init, hoc_nrnpointerindex, 0);
 _mechtype = nrn_get_mechtype(_mechanism[1]);
     _nrn_setdata_reg(_mechtype, _setdata);
     _nrn_thread_reg(_mechtype, 2, _update_ion_pointer);
  hoc_register_dparam_size(_mechtype, 3);
 	hoc_register_cvode(_mechtype, _ode_count, 0, 0, 0);
 	hoc_register_var(hoc_scdoub, hoc_vdoub, hoc_intfunc);
 	ivoc_help("help ?1 na /Users/cweaver/research/Neuron/Coskren/MorphologyPaperTwo/Scripts/NeuronMechanisms/x86_64/naz_nature.mod\n");
 hoc_register_limits(_mechtype, _hoc_parm_limits);
 hoc_register_units(_mechtype, _hoc_parm_units);
 }
 static double _zmexp , _zhexp ;
 static double *_t_minf;
 static double *_t__zmexp;
 static double *_t_hinf;
 static double *_t__zhexp;
static int _reset;
static char *modelname = "";

static int error;
static int _ninits = 0;
static int _match_recurse=1;
static void _modl_cleanup(){ _match_recurse=1;}
static int _f_trates(double);
static int rates(double);
static int states();
static int trates(double);
 static void _n_trates(double);
 
static int  states (  ) {
   trates ( _threadargscomma_ v + vshift ) ;
   m = m + _zmexp * ( minf - m ) ;
   h = h + _zhexp * ( hinf - h ) ;
   
/*VERBATIM*/
        return 0;
  return 0; }
 
static void _hoc_states(void) {
  double _r;
   _r = 1.;
 states (  );
 hoc_retpushx(_r);
}
 static double _mfac_trates, _tmin_trates;
 static void _check_trates();
 static void _check_trates() {
  static int _maktable=1; int _i, _j, _ix = 0;
  double _xi, _tmax;
  static double _sav_dt;
  static double _sav_celsius;
  static double _sav_temp;
  static double _sav_Ra;
  static double _sav_Rb;
  static double _sav_Rd;
  static double _sav_Rg;
  static double _sav_tha;
  static double _sav_thi1;
  static double _sav_thi2;
  static double _sav_qa;
  static double _sav_qi;
  static double _sav_qinf;
  if (!usetable) {return;}
  if (_sav_dt != dt) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_celsius != celsius) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_temp != temp) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_Ra != Ra) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_Rb != Rb) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_Rd != Rd) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_Rg != Rg) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_tha != tha) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_thi1 != thi1) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_thi2 != thi2) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_qa != qa) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_qi != qi) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_sav_qinf != qinf) { _maktable = 1;}
  if (_maktable) { double _x, _dx; _maktable=0;
   _tmin_trates =  vmin ;
   _tmax =  vmax ;
   _dx = (_tmax - _tmin_trates)/199.; _mfac_trates = 1./_dx;
   for (_i=0, _x=_tmin_trates; _i < 200; _x += _dx, _i++) {
    _f_trates(_x);
    _t_minf[_i] = minf;
    _t__zmexp[_i] = _zmexp;
    _t_hinf[_i] = hinf;
    _t__zhexp[_i] = _zhexp;
   }
   _sav_dt = dt;
   _sav_celsius = celsius;
   _sav_temp = temp;
   _sav_Ra = Ra;
   _sav_Rb = Rb;
   _sav_Rd = Rd;
   _sav_Rg = Rg;
   _sav_tha = tha;
   _sav_thi1 = thi1;
   _sav_thi2 = thi2;
   _sav_qa = qa;
   _sav_qi = qi;
   _sav_qinf = qinf;
  }
 }

 static int trates(double _lv){ _check_trates();
 _n_trates(_lv);
 return 0;
 }

 static void _n_trates(double _lv){ int _i, _j;
 double _xi, _theta;
 if (!usetable) {
 _f_trates(_lv); return; 
}
 _xi = _mfac_trates * (_lv - _tmin_trates);
 _i = (int) _xi;
 if (_xi <= 0.) {
 minf = _t_minf[0];
 _zmexp = _t__zmexp[0];
 hinf = _t_hinf[0];
 _zhexp = _t__zhexp[0];
 return; }
 if (_i >= 199) {
 minf = _t_minf[199];
 _zmexp = _t__zmexp[199];
 hinf = _t_hinf[199];
 _zhexp = _t__zhexp[199];
 return; }
 _theta = _xi - (double)_i;
 minf = _t_minf[_i] + _theta*(_t_minf[_i+1] - _t_minf[_i]);
 _zmexp = _t__zmexp[_i] + _theta*(_t__zmexp[_i+1] - _t__zmexp[_i]);
 hinf = _t_hinf[_i] + _theta*(_t_hinf[_i+1] - _t_hinf[_i]);
 _zhexp = _t__zhexp[_i] + _theta*(_t__zhexp[_i+1] - _t__zhexp[_i]);
 }

 
static int  _f_trates (  double _lv ) {
   double _ltinc ;
 rates ( _threadargscomma_ _lv ) ;
   tadj = pow( q10 , ( ( celsius - temp ) / 10.0 ) ) ;
   _ltinc = - dt * tadj ;
   _zmexp = 1.0 - myexp ( _threadargscomma_ _ltinc / mtau ) ;
   _zhexp = 1.0 - myexp ( _threadargscomma_ _ltinc / htau ) ;
    return 0; }
 
static void _hoc_trates(void) {
  double _r;
    _r = 1.;
 trates (  *getarg(1) );
 hoc_retpushx(_r);
}
 
static int  rates (  double _lvm ) {
   double _la , _lb ;
 _la = trap0 ( _threadargscomma_ _lvm , tha , Ra , qa ) ;
   _lb = trap0 ( _threadargscomma_ - _lvm , - tha , Rb , qa ) ;
   mtau = 1.0 / ( _la + _lb ) ;
   minf = _la * mtau ;
   _la = trap0 ( _threadargscomma_ _lvm , thi1 , Rd , qi ) ;
   _lb = trap0 ( _threadargscomma_ - _lvm , - thi2 , Rg , qi ) ;
   htau = 1.0 / ( _la + _lb ) ;
   hinf = 1.0 / ( 1.0 + myexp ( _threadargscomma_ ( _lvm - thinf ) / qinf ) ) ;
    return 0; }
 
static void _hoc_rates(void) {
  double _r;
   _r = 1.;
 rates (  *getarg(1) );
 hoc_retpushx(_r);
}
 
double myexp (  double _lx ) {
   double _lmyexp;
 if ( _lx < - 100.0 ) {
     _lmyexp = 0.0 ;
     }
   else {
     _lmyexp = exp ( _lx ) ;
     }
   
return _lmyexp;
 }
 
static void _hoc_myexp(void) {
  double _r;
   _r =  myexp (  *getarg(1) );
 hoc_retpushx(_r);
}
 
double trap0 (  double _lv , double _lth , double _la , double _lq ) {
   double _ltrap0;
 if ( fabs ( _lv / _lth ) > 1e-6 ) {
     _ltrap0 = _la * ( _lv - _lth ) / ( 1.0 - myexp ( _threadargscomma_ - ( _lv - _lth ) / _lq ) ) ;
     }
   else {
     _ltrap0 = _la * _lq ;
     }
   
return _ltrap0;
 }
 
static void _hoc_trap0(void) {
  double _r;
   _r =  trap0 (  *getarg(1) , *getarg(2) , *getarg(3) , *getarg(4) );
 hoc_retpushx(_r);
}
 
static int _ode_count(int _type){ hoc_execerror("na", "cannot be used with CVODE"); return 0;}
 extern void nrn_update_ion_pointer(Symbol*, Datum*, int, int);
 static void _update_ion_pointer(Datum* _ppvar) {
   nrn_update_ion_pointer(_na_sym, _ppvar, 0, 0);
   nrn_update_ion_pointer(_na_sym, _ppvar, 1, 3);
   nrn_update_ion_pointer(_na_sym, _ppvar, 2, 4);
 }

static void initmodel() {
  int _i; double _save;_ninits++;
 _save = t;
 t = 0.0;
{
  h = h0;
  m = m0;
 {
   trates ( _threadargscomma_ v + vshift ) ;
   m = minf ;
   h = hinf ;
   }
  _sav_indep = t; t = _save;

}
}

static void nrn_init(_NrnThread* _nt, _Memb_list* _ml, int _type){
Node *_nd; double _v; int* _ni; int _iml, _cntml;
#if CACHEVEC
    _ni = _ml->_nodeindices;
#endif
_cntml = _ml->_nodecount;
for (_iml = 0; _iml < _cntml; ++_iml) {
 _p = _ml->_data[_iml]; _ppvar = _ml->_pdata[_iml];
#if CACHEVEC
  if (use_cachevec) {
    _v = VEC_V(_ni[_iml]);
  }else
#endif
  {
    _nd = _ml->_nodelist[_iml];
    _v = NODEV(_nd);
  }
 v = _v;
  ena = _ion_ena;
 initmodel();
 }}

static double _nrn_current(double _v){double _current=0.;v=_v;{ {
   gna = tadj * gbar * m * m * m * h ;
   ina = ( 1e-4 ) * gna * ( v - ena ) ;
   }
 _current += ina;

} return _current;
}

static void nrn_cur(_NrnThread* _nt, _Memb_list* _ml, int _type){
Node *_nd; int* _ni; double _rhs, _v; int _iml, _cntml;
#if CACHEVEC
    _ni = _ml->_nodeindices;
#endif
_cntml = _ml->_nodecount;
for (_iml = 0; _iml < _cntml; ++_iml) {
 _p = _ml->_data[_iml]; _ppvar = _ml->_pdata[_iml];
#if CACHEVEC
  if (use_cachevec) {
    _v = VEC_V(_ni[_iml]);
  }else
#endif
  {
    _nd = _ml->_nodelist[_iml];
    _v = NODEV(_nd);
  }
  ena = _ion_ena;
 _g = _nrn_current(_v + .001);
 	{ double _dina;
  _dina = ina;
 _rhs = _nrn_current(_v);
  _ion_dinadv += (_dina - ina)/.001 ;
 	}
 _g = (_g - _rhs)/.001;
  _ion_ina += ina ;
#if CACHEVEC
  if (use_cachevec) {
	VEC_RHS(_ni[_iml]) -= _rhs;
  }else
#endif
  {
	NODERHS(_nd) -= _rhs;
  }
 
}}

static void nrn_jacob(_NrnThread* _nt, _Memb_list* _ml, int _type){
Node *_nd; int* _ni; int _iml, _cntml;
#if CACHEVEC
    _ni = _ml->_nodeindices;
#endif
_cntml = _ml->_nodecount;
for (_iml = 0; _iml < _cntml; ++_iml) {
 _p = _ml->_data[_iml];
#if CACHEVEC
  if (use_cachevec) {
	VEC_D(_ni[_iml]) += _g;
  }else
#endif
  {
     _nd = _ml->_nodelist[_iml];
	NODED(_nd) += _g;
  }
 
}}

static void nrn_state(_NrnThread* _nt, _Memb_list* _ml, int _type){
 double _break, _save;
Node *_nd; double _v; int* _ni; int _iml, _cntml;
#if CACHEVEC
    _ni = _ml->_nodeindices;
#endif
_cntml = _ml->_nodecount;
for (_iml = 0; _iml < _cntml; ++_iml) {
 _p = _ml->_data[_iml]; _ppvar = _ml->_pdata[_iml];
 _nd = _ml->_nodelist[_iml];
#if CACHEVEC
  if (use_cachevec) {
    _v = VEC_V(_ni[_iml]);
  }else
#endif
  {
    _nd = _ml->_nodelist[_iml];
    _v = NODEV(_nd);
  }
 _break = t + .5*dt; _save = t;
 v=_v;
{
  ena = _ion_ena;
 { {
 for (; t < _break; t += dt) {
 error =  states();
 if(error){fprintf(stderr,"at line 90 in file naz_nature.mod:\n        SOLVE states\n"); nrn_complain(_p); abort_run(error);}
 
}}
 t = _save;
 } }}

}

static void terminal(){}

static void _initlists() {
 int _i; static int _first = 1;
  if (!_first) return;
   _t_minf = makevector(200*sizeof(double));
   _t__zmexp = makevector(200*sizeof(double));
   _t_hinf = makevector(200*sizeof(double));
   _t__zhexp = makevector(200*sizeof(double));
_first = 0;
}