Model of arrhythmias in a cardiac cells network (Casaleggio et al. 2014)

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Accession:150691
" ... Here we explore the possible processes leading to the occasional onset and termination of the (usually) non-fatal arrhythmias widely observed in the heart. Using a computational model of a two-dimensional network of cardiac cells, we tested the hypothesis that an ischemia alters the properties of the gap junctions inside the ischemic area. ... In conclusion, our model strongly supports the hypothesis that non-fatal arrhythmias can develop from post-ischemic alteration of the electrical connectivity in a relatively small area of the cardiac cell network, and suggests experimentally testable predictions on their possible treatments."
Reference:
1 . Casaleggio A, Hines ML, Migliore M (2014) Computational model of erratic arrhythmias in a cardiac cell network: the role of gap junctions. PLoS One 9:e100288 [PubMed]
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Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Realistic Network; Neuron or other electrically excitable cell;
Brain Region(s)/Organism:
Cell Type(s): Cardiac ventricular cell;
Channel(s): I K; I Sodium; I Calcium; I Potassium;
Gap Junctions: Gap junctions;
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Spatio-temporal Activity Patterns; Detailed Neuronal Models; Action Potentials; Heart disease; Conductance distributions;
Implementer(s): Hines, Michael [Michael.Hines at Yale.edu]; Migliore, Michele [Michele.Migliore at Yale.edu];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  I K; I Sodium; I Calcium; I Potassium;
{load_file("netparmpi.hoc")}
objref pnm
pnm = new ParallelNetManager(0)

proc want_all_spikes() {local gid, i
	for pcitr(&gid, &i) {
		pc.spike_record(gid, pnm.spikevec, pnm.idvec)
	}
}

proc spike2file() { localobj outf, s
	s = new String()
	sprint(s.s, "out%d.dat", pc.nhost)
        outf = new File()
        if (pc.id == 0) {outf.wopen(s.s) outf.close } // start new file
	for pnm.serialize() {
		outf.aopen(s.s)
	        for i=0, pnm.idvec.size-1 {
        	        outf.printf("%g %d\n", pnm.spikevec.x[i], pnm.idvec.x[i])
	        }
	        outf.close
	}
}

objref tdat_   
tdat_ = new Vector(6)
proc prun() {local tnext
	pc.setup_transfer()
        pc.set_maxstep(200)
        runtime=startsw()
        tdat_.x[0] = pc.wait_time
        stdinit()
	while(t < tstop) {
		tnext = t + checkpoint_interval
		if (tnext > tstop) {
			tnext = tstop
		}
		if (pc.id == 0) printf("tnext = %g\n", tnext)
	        pc.psolve(tnext)
		spike2file(pnm.spikevec, pnm.idvec)
		trajec_out("v")
	}
        tdat_.x[0] = pc.wait_time - tdat_.x[0]
        runtime = startsw() - runtime
        tdat_.x[1] = pc.step_time
        tdat_.x[2] = pc.send_time
	tdat_.x[3] = pc.vtransfer_time(0) // for gaps
	tdat_.x[4] = pc.vtransfer_time(1) // for splitcells
//      printf("%d wtime %g\n", pnm.myid, waittime)
}

mindelay_ = 1e9
func mindelay() {local i, md
	if (pc.nhost > 1) {
		pc.context("{pc.post(\"mindelay\", mindelay_)}")
		for i=1, pc.nhost-1 {
			pc.take("mindelay", &md)
			if (md < mindelay_) {
				mindelay_ = md
			}
		}		
	}
	return mindelay_ // see nc_append
}

objref tavg_stat, tmin_stat, tmax_stat, idmin_stat, idmax_stat
proc poststat() {
	pnm.pc.post("poststat", pnm.myid, tdat_)
}
proc getstat() {local i, j, id localobj tdat
	tdat = tdat_.c	tavg_stat = tdat_.c  tmin_stat = tdat_.c  tmax_stat = tdat_.c
	idmin_stat = tdat_.c.fill(0)  idmax_stat = tdat_.c.fill(0)
	if (pnm.nwork > 1) {
		pnm.pc.context("poststat()\n")
		for i=0, pnm.nwork-2 {
			pnm.pc.take("poststat", &id, tdat)
			tavg_stat.add(tdat)
			for j = 0, tdat_.size-1 {
				if (tdat.x[j] > tmax_stat.x[j]) {
					idmax_stat.x[j] = id
					tmax_stat.x[j] = tdat.x[j]
				}
				if (tdat.x[j] < tmin_stat.x[j]) {
					idmin_stat.x[j] = id
					tmin_stat.x[j] = tdat.x[j]
				}
			}
		}
	}
	tavg_stat.div(pnm.nhost)
}

proc print_spike_stat_info() {local i, j, id  localobj spstat, sum, min, max, idmin, idmax, label
	printf("\n%-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s %-10s\n",\
		"setup", "run", "avgspkxfr", "avgcomp", "avgx2q", "avgvxfr", "avgsplit", "avgcmplx")
	printf("%-10.4g %-10.4g", setuptime, runtime)
	for i=0, tdat_.size-1 { printf(" %-10.4g", tavg_stat.x[i]) }

	printf("\n\n%5s %-15s %-15s %-15s %-15s %-15s %-15s\n", \
		"", "id   spkxfr", "id   com", "id   x2q", "id   vxfr", "id   split", "id   cmplx")
	printf("%-5s", "min")
	for i=0, tdat_.size-1 { printf(" %-4d %-10.4g", idmin_stat.x[i], tmin_stat.x[i]) }
	printf("\n%-5s", "max")
	for i=0, tdat_.size-1 { printf(" %-4d %-10.4g", idmax_stat.x[i], tmax_stat.x[i]) }
	printf("\n")
}

proc perf2file() { local i  localobj perf
	perf = new File()
	perf.aopen("perf.dat")
	perf.printf("%d %d %d %d    %g %g     ",pnm.nhost, pnm.ncell, load_balance_phase, use_gap, setuptime, runtime)
	for i=0, tdat_.size-1 { perf.printf(" %g", tavg_stat.x[i]) }
	perf.printf("     ")
	for i=0, tdat_.size-1 { perf.printf(" %d %g ", idmin_stat.x[i], tmin_stat.x[i]) }
	perf.printf("     ")
	for i=0, tdat_.size-1 { perf.printf(" %d %g ", idmax_stat.x[i], tmax_stat.x[i]) }
	perf.printf("\n")

	perf.close
}

//voltage for cell x, y
objref trajec_list, trajec_id
trajec_id = new Vector()
trajec_list = new List()
proc vrecord() { local gid  localobj cell, vec
	gid = loc2gid($1, $2)
	if (!pc.gid_exists(gid)) return
printf("%d vrecord %d %d gid=%d\n", pc.id, $1, $2, gid)
	cell = pc.gid2cell(gid)
	if (trajec_list.count == 0) {
		vec = new Vector()
		cell.soma vec.record(&t)
		trajec_list.append(vec)
	}
	vec = new Vector()
	trajec_id.append(gid)
	cell.soma vec.record(&v(.5))
	trajec_list.append(vec)
}
// arg is prefix name of output file, actual name will be
// $s1_ix_iy.dat
trajec_out_time = 0
trajec_out_ncall = 0
trajec_out_size = 0
proc trajec_out() {local i, j, ix, iy, gid, ts localobj f, fname, tvec, vvec
	if (trajec_list.count == 0) return
	ts = startsw()
	fname = new String()
	tvec = trajec_list.o(0)
	trajec_out_size += tvec.size
	for i=0, trajec_id.size-1 {
		gid = trajec_id.x[i]
		ix = gid2ix(gid)
		iy = gid2iy(gid)
		printf("%d trajec_out %d %d gid=%d\n", pc.id, ix, iy, gid)
		sprint(fname.s, "%s_%04d_%04d.dat", $s1, ix, iy)
		f = new File()
		vvec = trajec_list.o(i+1)
		if (trajec_out_ncall == 0) {
			f.wopen(fname.s)
			f.printf("%d\n", tvec.size)
		}else{
			f.aopen(fname.s)
		}
		for j=0, tvec.size-1 {
			f.printf("%g %g\n", tvec.x[j], vvec.x[j])
		}
		f.close
	}
	for i=0, trajec_list.count - 1 {
		trajec_list.o(i).resize(0)
	}
	trajec_out_ncall += 1
	ts = startsw() - ts
	if (pc.id == 0) { printf("trajec_out call %d at t=%g , time(sec) %g\n", trajec_out_ncall, t, ts) }
	trajec_out_time += ts
}