Correcting space clamp in dendrites (Schaefer et al. 2003 and 2007)

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Accession:22203
In voltage-clamp experiments, incomplete space clamp distorts the recorded currents, rendering accurate analysis impossible. Here, we present a simple numerical algorithm that corrects such distortions. The method enabled accurate retrieval of the local densities, kinetics, and density gradients of somatic and dendritic channels. The correction method was applied to two-electrode voltage-clamp recordings of K currents from the apical dendrite of layer 5 neocortical pyramidal neurons. The generality and robustness of the algorithm make it a useful tool for voltage-clamp analysis of voltage-gated currents in structures of any morphology that is amenable to the voltage-clamp technique.
Reference:
1 . Schaefer AT, Helmstaedter M, Sakmann B, Korngreen A (2003) Correction of conductance measurements in non-space-clamped structures: 1. Voltage-gated K+ channels. Biophys J 84:3508-28 [PubMed]
2 . Schaefer AT, Helmstaedter M, Schmitt AC, Bar-Yehuda D, Almog M, Ben-Porat H, Sakmann B, Korngreen A (2007) Dendritic voltage-gated K+ conductance gradient in pyramidal neurones of neocortical layer 5B from rats. J Physiol 579:737-52 [PubMed]
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Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell;
Brain Region(s)/Organism:
Cell Type(s): Neocortex M1 L5B pyramidal pyramidal tract GLU cell;
Channel(s): I K; I K,leak; I M; I Potassium;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Parameter Fitting; Influence of Dendritic Geometry; Detailed Neuronal Models;
Implementer(s): Schaefer, Andreas T [andreas.schaefer at crick.ac.uk];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Neocortex M1 L5B pyramidal pyramidal tract GLU cell; I K; I K,leak; I M; I Potassium; 
// LEAK-file, fit.par is loaded first to get appropriate time & voltage scales
// this file must be run first (and once per cell) to produce *.iL -leak current file for fit

strdef iClampFileName, loadProg
objref vC, sh, st

load_file("stdgui.hoc")
{load_proc("nrnmainmenu") nrnmainmenu()}


// VARIABLE CHECK: //

  print " utilized Timesteps: "
  for TStepCount=0, NumTSteps print TStepCount, ":  " , MeasTimes[TStepCount], "ms"

  print " utilized VoltageSteps: "
  for VStepCount=0, NumVSteps-1 {
    print VStepCount, ": " , vclmp[VStepCount]}


  print "+++++ Experiment Name: ", ExperimentName, "++++++++"
  print " "
  print " Passive Parameters: (homogenous)"
  print "Rm: ",rm
  print "Ra: ",ra
  print "c_m: ",c_m
  print "Ek: ",Ek
  print "v_init:  ",v_init


// CELL (loaded by fit.par already):

forall {
  // passive:
  insert pas
  Ra = ra
  cm = c_m
  g_pas = 1/rm
  e_pas = Epas
  // no active
}

// reducing cell model:

    if (ReduceCell) {
      xopen("ReduceModel.cell")
      ReduceModel()
    }




// VOLTAGE CLAMP PARAMETERS  //
// all explicitly set by Experiment.par


stimSec.sec vC  = new TwoElectrodeIdealVClamp()    // perfect voltage clamp at soma
//vC.dur1 = MeasTStart + MaxMeasTime*2      // factor 2 is for safety reasons
                                        // Amplitudes will be vector-played

//vC.rs   = VClampSeriesR

stimSec.sec vC.xmeasure(stimPosV)
stimSec.sec vC.xinject(stimPosI)



    xopen("Routines.leak")   // Loading Clamp-Routines

    xopen("InOut.leak")      // Loading Input/Output-Routines


// Main Program:


CalculateLeak()

WriteLeakCurrents()