#!/usr/bin/python
import matplotlib
matplotlib.use('Agg')
from neuron import h
from neuron import gui
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
import numpy as np
import sys
import pickle
import time
h.load_file("nrngui.hoc")
h.load_file("import3d.hoc")
h.load_file("cellmorphology.hoc")
h.load_file("iniparameter.hoc")
h('''objref all_spines
all_spines = new SectionList()''')
h("forall insert cadiffus")
def place_NMDA(nmdaCond):
nmda_eStimlist.append(h.NetStim())
nmda_eStimlist[-1].interval = 1
nmda_eStimlist[-1].number = 1
nmda_eStimlist[-1].start = 100
nmda_eStimlist[-1].noise = 0
nmda_eSynlist.append(h.nmda(0.5))
nmda_ePreconlist.append(h.NetCon(nmda_eStimlist[-1], nmda_eSynlist[-1]))
nmda_ePreconlist[-1].weight[0] = nmdaCond
nmda_ePreconlist[-1].delay = 0
def place_AMPA(ampaCond):
ampa_eStimlist.append(h.NetStim())
ampa_eStimlist[-1].interval = 1
ampa_eStimlist[-1].number = 1
ampa_eStimlist[-1].start = 100
ampa_eStimlist[-1].noise = 0
ampa_eSynlist.append(h.ampa(0.5))
ampa_ePreconlist.append(h.NetCon(ampa_eStimlist[-1], ampa_eSynlist[-1]))
ampa_ePreconlist[-1].weight[0] = ampaCond
ampa_ePreconlist[-1].delay = 0
def place_GABA(gabaCond):
iStimlist.append(h.NetStim())
iStimlist[-1].interval = 1
iStimlist[-1].number = 1
iStimlist[-1].start = 100000
iStimlist[-1].noise = 0
iSynlist.append(h.ProbUDFsyn2_lark( (branch_length - (number_of_spines / 2)) / branch_length))
iSynlist[-1].tau_r = 0.18
iSynlist[-1].tau_d = 5
iSynlist[-1].e = - 80
iSynlist[-1].Dep = 0
iSynlist[-1].Fac = 0
iSynlist[-1].Use = 0.6
iSynlist[-1].u0 = 0
iSynlist[-1].gmax = gabaCond
iPreconlist.append(h.NetCon(iStimlist[-1], iSynlist[-1]))
iPreconlist[-1].weight[0] = 1
iPreconlist[-1].delay = 0
locs = ['basal','apical']
branches = ['dendA2_01100','dendA5_01111111111111111010']
number_of_spines = 20
for loc_ind in range(len(locs)):
branch = branches[loc_ind]
h('access ' + branch)
branch_length = h.L
h('nseg = %d ' % branch_length)
center_of_distribution = (branch_length - (number_of_spines / 2))
h.pop_section()
spine_segs = np.arange((center_of_distribution) - (number_of_spines / 2), (center_of_distribution) + (number_of_spines / 2), 1) / branch_length
for seg in spine_segs:
h('''{create %s_spine_neck_%s}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''{%s connect %s_spine_neck_%s(0),%f}''' % (branch, locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.',''),seg))
h('''{access %s_spine_neck_%s}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''necklength = 1 /*spine neck length in um*/''')
h('''neckdiam = 0.1 /*spine neck diameter*/''')
h('''%s_spine_neck_%s {nseg = 2
pt3dclear()
for j = 0, nseg-1 {
ty = (j*necklength)/(nseg-1)
pt3dadd(97.58,ty,20.87,neckdiam)
}
}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''{create %s_spine_head_%s}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''{%s_spine_neck_%s connect %s_spine_head_%s(0), 1}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.',''), locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''{access %s_spine_head_%s}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''spineradius = 0.297''')
h('''%s_spine_head_%s {nseg = 7
pt3dclear()
for i = 0, nseg-1 {
ty = -(i*2*spineradius)/(nseg-1)
td = 2*sqrt(spineradius^2-(ty+spineradius)^2)
if (td<neckdiam){
td = neckdiam
}
pt3dadd(97.58,ty+1,20.87,td)
}
}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''%s_spine_head_%s all_spines.append''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''%s_spine_neck_%s all_spines.append''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('''
%s_spine_head_%s {
insert pas e_pas=Vleak g_pas=spinefactor/Rm Ra=global_ra cm=spinefactor*Cm
insert canmda
// insert car
insert cadiffus
}
%s_spine_neck_%s{
insert pas e_pas=Vleak g_pas=0.00005 Ra=global_ra cm=spinefactor*Cm
insert cadiffus
}''' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.',''),locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('access %s_spine_neck_%s' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h('%s_spine_neck_%s.diam = 0.0394' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
h.pop_section()
h('''initchannels()
proc init() {
/* add initchannels() to init(), so parameter changes show up */
initchannels()
finitialize(v_init)
fcurrent()
}
''')
h.tstop = 300
h.dt = 0.025;
h.v_init = -65
h.celsius = 34
nmda_eSynlist = []
nmda_ePreconlist = []
nmda_eStimlist = []
ampa_eSynlist = []
ampa_ePreconlist = []
ampa_eStimlist = []
iPreconlist = []
iStimlist = []
iSynlist = []
single_spine_AMPA_nS = 0.8
single_spine_NMDA_nS = 0.8
single_spine_GABA_nS = 0.5
nmdaCond = (single_spine_NMDA_nS / (1000 * 0.000045))
ampaCond = (single_spine_AMPA_nS / (1000 * 0.00001))
gabaCond = (single_spine_GABA_nS * 0.001)
middle = (spine_segs)[(number_of_spines / 2)]
for seg in spine_segs:
h('access %s_spine_head_%s' % (locs[loc_ind], str(seg).replace('.','')))
place_NMDA(nmdaCond)
place_AMPA(ampaCond)
im = h.Impedance()
im.loc(0.5)
im.compute(0)
Rin = im.input(0.5)
h.pop_section()
inhibitory_locations = ['branch','spine']
h('access ' + branch)
h('nseg = %d ' % branch_length)
place_GABA(gabaCond)
h.pop_section()
h('access %s_spine_head_%s' % (locs[loc_ind], str(middle).replace('.','')))
place_GABA(gabaCond)
h.pop_section()
time_traces = {}
delays = [-100000] + range(80, 160, 1)
# spine_neck_diams = np.linspace(0.0394, 0.1, 3)
spine_neck_diams = [0.0394]
spine_head_voltage_traces = {}
spine_head_current_traces = {}
spine_head_cai_traces = {}
colors = {-100000 : 'black', 110 : 'green', 120 : 'blue', 130 : 'red'}
y_labels = {}
y_labels['spine_head_voltage_traces'] = 'voltage (mV)'
y_labels['spine_head_current_traces'] = 'pA'
y_labels['spine_head_cai_traces'] = r'$\mathregular{[Ca^{2+}}$] (mM)'
font = {'weight':'regular', 'size':8}
matplotlib.rc('font', **font)
for spine_neck_diam in spine_neck_diams:
for spine_seg in spine_segs:
h('%s_spine_neck_%s.diam=%f' % (locs[loc_ind], str(spine_seg).replace('.',''), spine_neck_diam))
spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam] = {}
spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam] = {}
spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam] = {}
mean_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral_full = []
mean_spine_head_cai_traces_integral_full = []
local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral_full = []
local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral_full = []
for inhibitory_location in inhibitory_locations:
spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location] = {}
spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location] = {}
spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location] = {}
for delay in delays:
spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] = []
spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] = []
spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] = []
time_trace = h.Vector()
for spine_seg in spine_segs:
spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay].append(h.Vector())
spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay].append(h.Vector())
spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay].append(h.Vector())
time_trace.record(h._ref_t)
for ind in range(len(spine_segs)):
spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][ind].record(eval('h.%s_spine_head_%s' % (locs[loc_ind], str((spine_segs)[ind]).replace('.','')))(0.5)._ref_v)
spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][ind].record(nmda_eSynlist[ind]._ref_i)
spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][ind].record(eval('h.%s_spine_head_%s' % (locs[loc_ind], str((spine_segs)[ind]).replace('.','')))(0.5)._ref_cai)
for stim in iStimlist:
stim.start = delay
for syn in iSynlist:
syn.gmax = 0
iSynlist[inhibitory_locations.index(inhibitory_location)].gmax = gabaCond
h.init()
h.run()
spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] = np.array(spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay])
spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] = np.array(spine_head_current_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay])
spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] = np.array(spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay])
mean_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral = []
mean_spine_head_cai_traces_integral = []
local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral = []
local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral = []
for delay in delays[1:]:
mean_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral.append(np.mean((np.sum(spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay] + 65, axis=1)) / (np.sum(spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delays[0]] + 65, axis=1)), axis=0))
mean_spine_head_cai_traces_integral.append(np.mean((np.sum(spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay], axis=1)) / (np.sum(spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delays[0]], axis=1)), axis=0))
local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral.append((np.sum(spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][(number_of_spines / 2)] + 65)) / (np.sum(spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delays[0]][(number_of_spines / 2)] + 65)))
local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral.append((np.sum(spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][(number_of_spines / 2)])) / (np.sum(spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delays[0]][(number_of_spines / 2)])))
mean_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral_full.append(mean_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral)
mean_spine_head_cai_traces_integral_full.append(mean_spine_head_cai_traces_integral)
local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral_full.append(local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral)
local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral_full.append(local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral)
if (locs[loc_ind] == 'apical') and (spine_neck_diam == spine_neck_diams[0]):
for delay in [-100000, 120, 130]:
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(1.7, 1.7))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
plt.plot(time_trace, spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delays[0]][(number_of_spines / 2)], linewidth=1, color='black',linestyle='--', dashes=(3,3))
plt.plot(time_trace, spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][(number_of_spines / 2)], linewidth=1, color='black')
ax.fill_between(time_trace, spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][(number_of_spines / 2)], -65, where = (np.mean(spine_head_voltage_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay], axis=0) > -65), color=colors[delay], alpha=0.3)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks([-70, -50, -30, -10])
ax.yaxis.set_ticklabels([-70, -50, -30, -10])
plt.text(delay + 10, 2.5, '%d msec' % (delay - 100), color = colors[delay], fontsize=8)
ax.arrow(delay, 10, 0, -7.5, head_width=6, width=2, head_length=2, fc=colors[delay], ec=colors[delay])
plt.axis([time_trace[0], time_trace[-1], -70, 10])
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_visible(1)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_visible(1)
ax.spines['left'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.tick_params(direction='out', width=1, size=5)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks([0,100,200,300])
ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels([-100, 0, 100, 200])
ax.set_xlabel('time (msec)', fontsize=8)
ax.set_ylabel('voltage (mV)', fontsize=8)
fig.set_size_inches(1.2, 1.2)
if inhibitory_location == 'branch':
plt.savefig('figure_05_b_%d.pdf' % (delay), transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', format='pdf', dpi=300, pad_inches=0)
if inhibitory_location == 'spine':
plt.savefig('figure_05_e_%d.pdf' % (delay), transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', format='pdf', dpi=300, pad_inches=0)
plt.close('all')
fig = plt.figure(figsize=(1.7, 1.7))
ax = fig.add_subplot(111)
plt.plot(time_trace, spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delays[0]][(number_of_spines / 2)], linewidth=1, color='black',linestyle='--', dashes=(3,3))
plt.plot(time_trace, spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][(number_of_spines / 2)], linewidth=1, color='black')
ax.fill_between(time_trace, spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay][(number_of_spines / 2)], 0, where = (np.mean(spine_head_cai_traces[spine_neck_diam][inhibitory_location][delay], axis=0) > -65), color=colors[delay], alpha=0.3)
plt.axis([time_trace[0], time_trace[-1], 0, 1])
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_visible(1)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_visible(1)
ax.spines['left'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.tick_params(direction='out', width=1, size=5)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks([0,100,200,300])
ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels([-100, 0, 100, 200])
ax.set_xlabel('time (msec)', fontsize=8)
ax.set_ylabel(r'$\mathregular{[Ca^{2+}}$] (mM)', fontsize=8)
fig.set_size_inches(1.2, 1.2)
if inhibitory_location == 'branch':
plt.savefig('figure_05_c_%d.pdf' % (delay), transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', format='pdf', dpi=300, pad_inches=0)
if inhibitory_location == 'spine':
plt.savefig('figure_05_f_%d.pdf' % (delay), transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', format='pdf', dpi=300, pad_inches=0)
plt.close('all')
if (locs[loc_ind] == 'apical'):
font = {'weight':'regular', 'size':8, 'family':'sans-serif', 'sans-serif':'Arial'}
matplotlib.rc('font', **font)
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, 1, figsize=(12,12), gridspec_kw={'height_ratios':[20,1]}, sharex=True)
for ax in [ax1, ax2]:
ax.plot(delays[1:], local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral_full[0], linewidth = 1, color="red", label='Inhibition on dendrite');
ax.plot(delays[1:], local_spine_head_voltage_traces_integral_full[1], linewidth = 1, color="green", label='Inhibition on spine');
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.tick_params(direction='out', width=1, size=5)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks(np.array([-15,0, 15, 30, 45, 60]) + 100)
ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels([-15,0, 15, 30, 45, 60], fontsize=10)
ax2.set_xlabel(r'$\mathregular{\Delta t}$ Inhibition vs excitation (msec)', fontsize = 10, fontweight = 'regular')
ax1.set_ylabel('Time Integral of \nNMDA Spike (Norm.)', fontsize = 10, fontweight = 'regular')
ax1.axis([delays[1], 160, 0.3625, 1.01])
ax2.axis([delays[1], 160, 0, 0.1])
kwargs = dict(linewidth = 1, transform=ax1.transAxes, color='k', clip_on=False)
ax1.plot((-0.015, 0.015), (0 + 0.005, 0 - 0.005), **kwargs)
kwargs = dict(linewidth = 1, transform=ax2.transAxes, color='k', clip_on=False)
ax2.plot((-0.015, 0.015), (1 + 0.1, 1 - 0.1), **kwargs)
ax1.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax1.spines['bottom'].set_visible(False)
ax1.xaxis.set_ticks_position('none')
plt.subplots_adjust(hspace = 0.1)
ax1.yaxis.set_ticks([round(0.4,2), round(0.55,3), round(0.7,2), round(0.85,3), round(1.0,2)])
ax1.yaxis.set_ticklabels([round(0.4,2), round(0.55,3), round(0.7,2), round(0.85,3), round(1.0,2)], fontsize=10)
ax2.yaxis.set_ticks([round(0.0,2)])
ax2.yaxis.set_ticklabels([round(0.0,2)], fontsize=10)
ax1.yaxis.set_label_coords(- 0.2, 0.4)
fig.set_size_inches(3, 3)
fig.savefig('figure_05_g.pdf', transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', format='pdf', dpi=300)
plt.close('all')
fig, (ax1, ax2) = plt.subplots(2, 1, figsize=(12, 12), gridspec_kw={'height_ratios':[20,1]}, sharex=True)
for ax in [ax1, ax2]:
ax.plot(delays[1:], local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral_full[0], linewidth = 1, color="red", label='Inhibition on dendrite');
ax.plot(delays[1:], local_spine_head_cai_traces_integral_full[1], linewidth = 1, color="green", label='Inhibition on spine');
ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)
ax.spines['left'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.spines['bottom'].set_linewidth(1)
ax.tick_params(direction='out', width=1, size=5)
ax.yaxis.set_ticks_position('left')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')
ax.xaxis.set_ticks(np.array([-15,0, 15, 30, 45, 60]) + 100)
ax.xaxis.set_ticklabels([-15,0, 15, 30, 45, 60], fontsize=10)
ax2.set_xlabel(r'$\mathregular{\Delta t}$ Inhibition vs excitation (msec)', fontsize = 10, fontweight = 'regular')
ax1.set_ylabel('Time Integral of \n' + r'$\mathregular{[Ca^{2+}]}$ (Norm.)', fontsize = 10, fontweight = 'regular')
ax1.axis([delays[1], 160, 0.3625, 1.01])
ax2.axis([delays[1], 160, 0, 0.1])
kwargs = dict(linewidth = 1, transform=ax1.transAxes, color='k', clip_on=False)
ax1.plot((-0.015, 0.015), (0 + 0.005, 0 - 0.005), **kwargs)
kwargs = dict(linewidth = 1, transform=ax2.transAxes, color='k', clip_on=False)
ax2.plot((-0.015, 0.015), (1 + 0.1, 1 - 0.1), **kwargs)
ax1.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax2.spines['top'].set_visible(False)
ax1.spines['bottom'].set_visible(False)
ax1.xaxis.set_ticks_position('none')
plt.subplots_adjust(hspace = 0.1)
ax1.yaxis.set_ticks([round(0.4,2), round(0.55,3), round(0.7,2), round(0.85,3), round(1.0,2)])
ax1.yaxis.set_ticklabels([round(0.4,2), round(0.55,3), round(0.7,2), round(0.85,3), round(1.0,2)], fontsize=10)
ax2.yaxis.set_ticks([round(0.0,2)])
ax2.yaxis.set_ticklabels([round(0.0,2)], fontsize=10)
ax1.yaxis.set_label_coords(- 0.2, 0.4)
fig.set_size_inches(3, 3)
fig.savefig('figure_05_h.pdf', transparent=True, bbox_inches='tight', format='pdf', dpi=300)
plt.close('all')
