Dentate gyrus granule cell: calcium and calcium-dependent conductances (Aradi and Holmes 1999)

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Accession:116740
We have constructed a detailed model of a hippocampal dentate granule (DG) cell that includes nine different channel types. Channel densities and distributions were chosen to reproduce reported physiological responses observed in normal solution and when blockers were applied. The model was used to explore the contribution of each channel type to spiking behavior with particular emphasis on the mechanisms underlying postspike events. ... The model was used to predict changes in channel densities that could lead to epileptogenic burst discharges and to predict the effect of altered buffering capacity on firing behavior. We conclude that the clustered spatial distributions of calcium related channels, the presence of slow delayed rectifier potassium currents in dendrites, and calcium buffering properties, together, might explain the resistance of DG cells to the development of epileptogenic burst discharges.
Reference:
1 . Aradi I, Holmes WR (1999) Role of multiple calcium and calcium-dependent conductances in regulation of hippocampal dentate granule cell excitability. J Comput Neurosci 6:215-35 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Dentate gyrus;
Cell Type(s): Dentate gyrus granule GLU cell;
Channel(s): I L high threshold; I N; I T low threshold; I A; I K; I K,Ca; I Calcium; I Potassium;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Bursting; Calcium dynamics;
Implementer(s): Nakhoul, Hani [hnakho at lsuhsc.edu];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Dentate gyrus granule GLU cell; I L high threshold; I N; I T low threshold; I A; I K; I K,Ca; I Calcium; I Potassium;
load_file("nrngui.hoc")

v_init = -70
tstart = 0
tstop = 200
dt = 0.025

load_file("channels.ses")
objref p
p = new PWManager()
for i = 2,5 {p.hide(i)}

proc celldef() {
  topol()
  subsets()
  geom()
  biophys()
  geom_nseg()
}

create soma, axon[4], GCL[2], prox[2], middle[2], distal[2]

proc topol() { local i
  connect axon(0), soma(1)
  for i = 1, 3 connect axon[i](0), axon[i-1](1)
  for i = 0, 1 connect GCL[i](0), soma(0)
  for i = 0, 1 connect prox[i](0), GCL[i](1)
  for i = 0, 1 connect middle[i](0), prox[i](1)
  for i = 0, 1 connect distal[i](0), middle[i](1)
  basic_shape()
}
proc basic_shape() {
  soma {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(0, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(15, 0, 0, 1)}
  axon {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(15, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(30, 0, 0, 1)}
  axon[1] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(30, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(45, 0, 0, 1)}
  axon[2] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(45, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(60, 0, 0, 1)}
  axon[3] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(60, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(120, 0, 0, 1)}
  GCL {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(0, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-29, 30, 0, 1)}
  GCL[1] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(0, 0, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-29, -29, 0, 1)}
  prox {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(-29, 30, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-44, 30, 0, 1)}
  prox[1] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(-29, -29, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-44, -29, 0, 1)}
  middle {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(-44, 30, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-59, 30, 0, 1)}
  middle[1] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(-44, -29, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-59, -29, 0, 1)}
  distal {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(-59, 30, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-119, 30, 0, 1)}
  distal[1] {pt3dclear() pt3dadd(-59, -29, 0, 1) pt3dadd(-119, -29, 0, 1)}
}

objref all, dendrites, GCLs, proxs, middles, distals, allaxon
proc subsets() { local i
  objref all, dendrites, GCLs, proxs, middles, distals, allaxon
  all = new SectionList()
    soma all.append()
    for i=0, 3 axon[i] all.append()
    for i=0, 1 GCL[i] all.append()
    for i=0, 1 prox[i] all.append()
    for i=0, 1 middle[i] all.append()
    for i=0, 1 distal[i] all.append()

  dendrites = new SectionList()
    for i=0, 1 GCL[i] dendrites.append()
    for i=0, 1 prox[i] dendrites.append()
    for i=0, 1 middle[i] dendrites.append()
    for i=0, 1 distal[i] dendrites.append()

  GCLs = new SectionList()
    for i=0, 1 GCL[i] GCLs.append()

  proxs = new SectionList()
    for i=0, 1 prox[i] proxs.append()

  middles = new SectionList()
    for i=0, 1 middle[i] middles.append()

  distals = new SectionList()
    for i=0, 1 distal[i] distals.append()

  allaxon = new SectionList()
    for i=0, 3 axon[i] allaxon.append()

}
proc geom() {
  forsec dendrites {  L = 150  diam = 3  }
  forsec GCLs {  L = 50  }
  forsec allaxon {  L = 50  }
   axon.diam = 0.9
   axon[1].diam = 0.7
   axon[2].diam = 0.5
   axon[3].diam = 0.4
  soma {  L = 16.8  diam = 16.8  }
  axon[3] {  L = 1400  }
}
proc geom_nseg() {
   forsec dendrites { nseg = 4  }
   forsec GCLs { nseg = 2  }
   forsec allaxon { nseg = 1  }
   soma { nseg = 2  }
   axon[3] { nseg = 28  }
}
proc biophys() {
  forsec all {
    Ra = 210
    cm = 1
    insert pas
      g_pas = 2.5e-05
      e_pas = -70
  }
  forsec dendrites {
    cm = 1.6
    insert pas
      g_pas = 4e-05
      e_pas = -70
  }
  forsec GCLs {
    cm = 1
    insert pas
      g_pas = 2.5e-05
      e_pas = -70
    insert Na
      gmax_Na = 0.018
    insert fKDR
      gmax_fKDR = 0.004
    insert sKDR
      gmax_sKDR = 0.003
  }
  forsec proxs {
    insert Na
      gmax_Na = 0.013
    insert fKDR
      gmax_fKDR = 0.004
    insert sKDR
      gmax_sKDR = 0.003
  }
  forsec middles {
    insert Na
      gmax_Na = 0.008
    insert fKDR
      gmax_fKDR = 0.001
    insert sKDR
      gmax_sKDR = 0.003
  }
  forsec distals {
    insert fKDR
      gmax_fKDR = 0.001
    insert sKDR
      gmax_sKDR = 0.004
  }
  forsec allaxon {
    insert Na
      gmax_Na = 0.21
    insert fKDR
      gmax_fKDR = 0.028
  }
  soma {
    insert Ca
      gtcabar_Ca = 0.0018
      gncabar_Ca = 0
      glcabar_Ca = 0
    insert CadepK
      gbkbar_CadepK = 0
      gskbar_CadepK = 0
    insert Na
      gmax_Na = 0.12
    insert fKDR
      gmax_fKDR = 0.016
    insert sKDR
      gmax_sKDR = 0.003
  }
}
access soma

celldef()

forsec all {
	if (ismembrane("Na")) {ena = 45}
	ek = -85
}

// insert current clamp at the soma
objref stim
stim = new IClamp(0.5)
stim.del = 20
stim.dur = 0.5
stim.amp = 2

proc init() {local i
	finitialize(v_init)
	fcurrent()
	t = tstart
}

init()

load_file("graph.ses")

proc advance() {
	fadvance()
}

// declaration of simulation procedures
proc control() {
	soma.gbkbar_CadepK = 0
	soma.gskbar_CadepK = 0
	run()
}

proc bk() {
	soma.gbkbar_CadepK = 0.00226
	soma.gskbar_CadepK = 0
	run()
}

proc sk() {
	soma.gbkbar_CadepK = 0
	soma.gskbar_CadepK = 0.00135
	run()
}

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