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Electrostimulation to reduce synaptic scaling driven progression of Alzheimers (Rowan et al. 2014)

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Accession:154096
"... As cells die and synapses lose their drive, remaining cells suffer an initial decrease in activity. Neuronal homeostatic synaptic scaling then provides a feedback mechanism to restore activity. ... The scaling mechanism increases the firing rates of remaining cells in the network to compensate for decreases in network activity. However, this effect can itself become a pathology, ... Here, we present a mechanistic explanation of how directed brain stimulation might be expected to slow AD progression based on computational simulations in a 470-neuron biomimetic model of a neocortical column. ... "
Reference:
1 . Rowan MS, Neymotin SA, Lytton WW (2014) Electrostimulation to reduce synaptic scaling driven progression of Alzheimer's disease. Front Comput Neurosci 8:39 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Realistic Network;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Neocortex;
Cell Type(s): Neocortex L5/6 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex L2/3 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex V1 interneuron basket PV GABA cell; Neocortex fast spiking (FS) interneuron; Neocortex spiny stellate cell; Neocortex spiking regular (RS) neuron; Neocortex spiking low threshold (LTS) neuron;
Channel(s):
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s): GabaA; AMPA; NMDA;
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s): Gaba; Glutamate;
Simulation Environment: NEURON; Python;
Model Concept(s): Long-term Synaptic Plasticity; Aging/Alzheimer`s; Deep brain stimulation; Homeostasis;
Implementer(s): Lytton, William [bill.lytton at downstate.edu]; Neymotin, Sam [Samuel.Neymotin at nki.rfmh.org]; Rowan, Mark [m.s.rowan at cs.bham.ac.uk];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Neocortex L5/6 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex L2/3 pyramidal GLU cell; Neocortex V1 interneuron basket PV GABA cell; GabaA; AMPA; NMDA; Gaba; Glutamate;
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RowanEtAl2014
batchscripts
mod
README
alz.hoc
alzinfo.m
autotune.hoc *
basestdp.hoc *
batch.hoc *
batch2.hoc *
batchcommon
checkirreg.hoc *
clusterrun.sh
col.dot *
col.hoc *
comppowspec.hoc *
condisconcellfig.hoc *
condisconpowfig.hoc *
declist.hoc *
decmat.hoc *
decnqs.hoc *
decvec.hoc *
default.hoc *
drline.hoc *
e2hubsdisconpow.hoc *
e2incconpow.hoc *
filtutils.hoc *
flexinput.hoc
geom.hoc *
graphplug.hoc *
grvec.hoc *
infot.hoc *
init.hoc *
labels.hoc *
load.hoc *
local.hoc *
makepopspikenq.hoc *
matfftpowplug.hoc *
matpmtmplug.hoc *
matpmtmsubpopplug.hoc *
matspecplug.hoc *
mosinit.hoc
network.hoc *
nload.hoc *
nqpplug.hoc *
nqs.hoc *
nqsnet.hoc *
nrnoc.hoc *
params.hoc
plot.py
plotavg.py
plotbatch.sh
plotbatchcluster.sh
plotdeletions.py
plotntes.py
powchgtest.hoc *
pyhoc.py
python.hoc *
pywrap.hoc *
ratlfp.dat *
redE2.hoc *
run.hoc
runsim.sh
setup.hoc *
shufmua.hoc *
sim.hoc
simctrl.hoc *
spkts.hoc *
stats.hoc *
syncode.hoc *
vsampenplug.hoc *
writedata.hoc
xgetargs.hoc *
                            
// $Id: pywrap.hoc,v 1.12 2011/03/21 21:34:16 samn Exp $ 

//* variables
declare("INITPYWRAP",0) // whether initialized properly

//* initialize pywrap
if(2!=name_declared("p")) {
  print "pywrap.hoc: loading python.hoc"
  load_file("python.hoc")
}
func initpywrap () { localobj pjnk
  INITPYWRAP=0
  if(2!=name_declared("p")){printf("initpywrap ERR0A: PythonObject p not found in python.hoc!\n") return 0}
  print p  
  pjnk=new PythonObject()
  if(!isojt(p,pjnk)){printf("initpywrap ERR0B: PythonObject p not found in python.hoc!\n")}
  INITPYWRAP=1
  return 1
}
initpywrap()

//** pypmtm(vec,samplingrate)
// this function calls python version of pmtm, runs multitaper power spectra, returns an nqs
obfunc pypmtm () { local sampr,spc localobj vin,str,nqp,ptmp
  if(!INITPYWRAP) {printf("pypmtm ERR0A: python.hoc not initialized properly\n") return nil}
  if(!nrnpython("from mtspec import *")) {printf("pypmtm ERR0B: could not import mtspec python library!\n") return nil}  
  if(numarg()==0) {printf("pypmtm(vec,samplingrate)\n") return nil}
  vin=$o1 sampr=$2 str=new String()
  p.vjnk = vin.to_python()
  p.vjnk = p.numpy.array(p.vjnk)
  spc = 1.0 / sampr // "spacing"
  sprint(str.s,"[Pxx,w]=mtspec(vjnk,%g,4)",spc)
  nrnpython(str.s)
  nqp=new NQS("f","pow")
  nqp.v.from_python(p.w)
  nqp.v[1].from_python(p.Pxx)
  return nqp
}

//** pybspow(vec,samplingrate[,maxf,pord])
// this function calls python version of bsmart, to get power pectrum, returns an nqs
// pord is order of polynomial -- higher == less smoothing. default is 12
obfunc pybspow () { local sampr,pord,maxf localobj vin,str,nqp,ptmp
  if(!INITPYWRAP) {printf("pybspow ERR0A: python.hoc not initialized properly\n") return nil}
  if(!nrnpython("from bsmart import bspow")) {printf("pybspow ERR0B: could not import bsmart python library!\n") return nil}  
  if(numarg()==0) {printf("pybspow(vec,samplingrate)\n") return nil}
  vin=$o1 sampr=$2 str=new String()
  if(numarg()>2) maxf=$3 else maxf=sampr/2
  if(numarg()>3) pord=$4 else pord=12
  p.vjnk = vin.to_python()
  p.vjnk = p.numpy.array(p.vjnk)
  sprint(str.s,"Pxx=bspow(vjnk,%g,%g,p=%d)",sampr,maxf,pord)
  nrnpython(str.s)
  nqp=new NQS("f","pow")
  nqp.v.indgen(0,maxf,1)
  nqp.v[1].from_python(p.Pxx)
  return nqp
}

//** pyspecgram(vec,samplingrate[,orows])
// this function calls python version of specgram, returns an nqs
obfunc pyspecgram () { local sampr,spc,i,j,sz,f,tt,orows,a localobj vin,str,nqp,ptmp,vtmp
  if(!INITPYWRAP) {printf("pyspecgram ERR0A: python.hoc not initialized properly\n") return nil}
  if(!nrnpython("from matplotlib.mlab import specgram")) {printf("pyspecgram ERR0B: could not import specgram from matplotlib.mlab!\n") return nil}  
  if(numarg()==0) {printf("pyspecgram(vec,samplingrate)\n") return nil}
  a=allocvecs(vtmp)
  vin=$o1 sampr=$2 str=new String()
  if(numarg()>2)orows=$3 else orows=1
  p.vjnk = vin.to_python()
  p.vjnk = p.numpy.array(p.vjnk)
  sprint(str.s,"[Pxx,freqs,tt]=specgram(vjnk,Fs=%g)",sampr)
  nrnpython(str.s)
  if(orows) {
    {nqp=new NQS("f","pow") nqp.odec("pow")}
    {sz=p.Pxx.shape[0] nqp.clear(sz)}
    for i=0,sz-1 {
      {vtmp.resize(0) vtmp.from_python(p.Pxx[i]) f=p.freqs[i]}
      nqp.append(f,vtmp)
    }
  } else {
    nqp=new NQS("f","pow","t")
    sz = p.Pxx.shape[0]
    nqp.clear(sz * p.Pxx.shape[1])
    for i=0,sz-1 {
      {vtmp.resize(0) vtmp.from_python(p.Pxx[i]) f=p.freqs[i]}
      for j=0,vtmp.size-1 nqp.append(f,vtmp.x(j),p.tt[j])
    }
  }
  dealloc(a)
  return nqp
}

//** pycsd(vec1,vec2,samplingrate)
// this function calls python version of csd (cross-spectral density)
// returns an nqs with csd -- csd is non-directional
obfunc pycsd () { local sampr,a localobj v1,v2,str,nqp
  if(!INITPYWRAP) {printf("pycsd ERR0A: python.hoc not initialized properly\n") return nil}
  if(!nrnpython("from matplotlib.mlab import csd")) {printf("pycsd ERR0B: could not import csd from matplotlib.mlab!\n") return nil}  
  if(numarg()==0) {printf("pycsd(vec,samplingrate)\n") return nil}
  v1=$o1 v2=$o2 sampr=$3 str=new String()
  {p.vjnk1=v1.to_python() p.vjnk1=p.numpy.array(p.vjnk1)}
  {p.vjnk2=v2.to_python() p.vjnk2=p.numpy.array(p.vjnk2)}
  sprint(str.s,"[Pxy,freqs]=csd(vjnk1,vjnk2,Fs=%g)",sampr)
  nrnpython(str.s)
  nqp=new NQS("f","pow")
  nqp.v[0].from_python(p.freqs)
  nqp.v[1].from_python(p.Pxy)
  return nqp
}

//** pypsd(vec,samplingrate)
// this function calls python version of psd (power-spectral density)
// returns an nqs with psd
obfunc pypsd () { local sampr localobj v1,str,nqp
  if(!INITPYWRAP) {printf("pypsd ERR0A: python.hoc not initialized properly\n") return nil}
  if(!nrnpython("from matplotlib.mlab import psd")) {printf("pypsd ERR0B: could not import psd from matplotlib.mlab!\n") return nil}  
  if(numarg()==0) {printf("pypsd(vec,samplingrate)\n") return nil}
  v1=$o1 sampr=$2 str=new String()
  {p.vjnk1=v1.to_python() p.vjnk1=p.numpy.array(p.vjnk1)}
  sprint(str.s,"[Pxx,freqs]=psd(vjnk1,Fs=%g)",sampr)
  nrnpython(str.s)
  nqp=new NQS("f","pow")
  nqp.v[0].from_python(p.freqs)
  nqp.v[1].from_python(p.Pxx)
  return nqp
}

//** pycohere(vec1,vec2,samplingrate) 
// this function calls python version of cohere (coherence is normalized csd btwn vec1, vec2)
// returns an nqs with coherence
obfunc pycohere () { local sampr,a localobj v1,v2,str,nqp
  if(!INITPYWRAP) {printf("pycohere ERR0A: python.hoc not initialized properly\n") return nil}
  if(!nrnpython("from matplotlib.mlab import cohere")) {printf("pycohere ERR0B: could not import cohere from matplotlib.mlab!\n") return nil}  
  if(numarg()==0) {printf("pycohere(vec1,vec2,samplingrate)\n") return nil}
  v1=$o1 v2=$o2 sampr=$3 str=new String()
  {p.vjnk1=v1.to_python() p.vjnk1=p.numpy.array(p.vjnk1)}
  {p.vjnk2=v2.to_python() p.vjnk2=p.numpy.array(p.vjnk2)}
  sprint(str.s,"[Pxy,freqs]=cohere(vjnk1,vjnk2,Fs=%g)",sampr)
  nrnpython(str.s)
  nqp=new NQS("f","coh")
  nqp.v[0].from_python(p.freqs)
  nqp.v[1].from_python(p.Pxy)
  return nqp
}

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