Role of afferent-hair cell connectivity in determining spike train regularity (Holmes et al 2017)

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Accession:241240
"Vestibular bouton afferent terminals in turtle utricle can be categorized into four types depending on their location and terminal arbor structure: lateral extrastriolar (LES), striolar, juxtastriolar, and medial extrastriolar (MES). The terminal arbors of these afferents differ in surface area, total length, collecting area, number of boutons, number of bouton contacts per hair cell, and axon diameter (Huwe JA, Logan CJ, Williams B, Rowe MH, Peterson EH. J Neurophysiol 113: 2420 –2433, 2015). To understand how differences in terminal morphology and the resulting hair cell inputs might affect afferent response properties, we modeled representative afferents from each region, using reconstructed bouton afferents. ..."
Reference:
1 . Holmes WR, Huwe JA, Williams B, Rowe MH, Peterson EH (2017) Models of utricular bouton afferents: role of afferent-hair cell connectivity in determining spike train regularity. J Neurophysiol 117:1969-1986 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell; Axon;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Turtle vestibular system;
Cell Type(s): Vestibular neuron; Turtle vestibular neuron;
Channel(s): I A; I h; I K; I K,Ca; I L high threshold; I M; I Na,t; I_KD;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Action Potentials; Activity Patterns;
Implementer(s): Holmes, William [holmes at ohio.edu];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  I Na,t; I L high threshold; I A; I K; I M; I h; I K,Ca; I_KD;
//  Initialize

create soma, iseg, axon[1], myelin[1], node[1], iseg, nodes[1], nodec[1], myelinc[1], term

//================================================================================
func var_defined(){
  if( name_declared( $s1 ) == 5 ) return 1
  return 0
}

//------------------------------------------------------------------------------
objref synL, synNL	// list of synapses (and their section Names)
//-------------------------------------------------------

ifn=5 
proc get_grid_size() {
if (ifn==1) { HCxgrid = 10.1535 HCygrid = 10.1535  }
if (ifn==2) { HCxgrid =  7.4329 HCygrid =  7.4329  }
if (ifn==5) { HCxgrid = 10.1535 HCygrid = 10.1535  }
if (ifn==72) { HCxgrid =  8.7000 HCygrid =  8.7000  }

//HCxgrid = 10.1535
//HCygrid = 10.1535
// HCzgrid = 50   density so look only at x-y
}

func floor(){ 
  if( $1 >= 0 ) return int($1)
  if( $1  < 0  ) return int($1)-1
}

//func get_HCi(){ local i, xp, yp, zp localobj HCL, nHC
func get_HCi(){ local i, xp, yp localobj HCL, nHC
//  since one hair cell may activate 3 or so boutons, set up a hair cell grid
//  and if a bouton is near by, find nearest hair cell
//
  HCL = $o1
  xp = floor( x3d(1)/HCxgrid + 0.5 ) * HCxgrid	// center of cube  
  yp = floor( y3d(1)/HCygrid + 0.5 ) * HCygrid
//  zp = floor( z3d(1)/HCzgrid + 0.5 ) * HCzgrid
  for i=0, HCL.count-1 {
    if( HCL.o(i).xp == xp && HCL.o(i).yp == yp ){
//    if( HCL.o(i).xp == xp && HCL.o(i).yp == yp && HCL.o(i).zp == zp ){
      break
    }
  }
  if( i >= HCL.count ){
    nHC = new hc1( 0.5 )    // artificial hair cell.  Add as needed
    nHC.xp = xp
    nHC.yp = yp
//    nHC.zp = zp
    nHC.del = 0
    nHC.tau = 1e3/HCrate
    HCL.append( nHC )
  }
  return i
}

objref HC	// list of hair cells
objref Bsyns	// list of bouton synapses
objref ncl		// list of netcons

syntau=0.3
swdef=500
ad=0
ad1=1.60

tstop = 1000
lambda_f_d = 0.1
//-------------------------------------------------------

proc do_cell(){ local i localobj syn  //, str
  forall delete_section()
  get_grid_size()

//
  if (ifn==1) {
      load_file( 1, "Zone1s.hoc" )
      nodes[0] {diam(0:1)=3.67:1.216 L=1 nseg=1}
      nodes[1] {diam(0:1)=3.67:1.216 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "nodec" {diam=1.216 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "myelinc" {diam=1.216 L=125 nseg=3}
      term {diam=1.216 L=200 nseg=5}
      myelinc[0].L=50
      aXm_cm=0.02
      aXm_Rm=60000
      soma_cm=0.05
      soma_Rm=24000
   }
  
  if (ifn==2) {
      load_file( 1, "Zone2s.hoc" )
      nodes[0] {diam=4.326 L=1 nseg=1}
      nodes[1] {diam(0:1)=4.326:1.85 L=1 nseg=1}
      myelin[1] {diam=2.15 L=215 nseg=3}
      node[1] {diam=2.15 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "nodec" {diam=1.85 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "myelinc" {diam=1.85 L=200 nseg=3}
      term {diam=1.85 L=200 nseg=5}
      myelinc[0].L=150
      aXm_cm=0.01
      aXm_Rm=120000
      soma_cm=0.04
      soma_Rm=30000
   }  
   if (ifn==5) {
      load_file( 1, "Zone5s.hoc" )
      nodes[0] {diam=1.23 L=1 nseg=1}
      nodes[1] {diam=1.23 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "nodec" {diam=1.1 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "myelinc" {diam=1.1 L=110 nseg=3}
      term {diam=1.1 L=200 nseg=5}
      myelinc[0].L=20
      aXm_cm=0.02
      aXm_Rm=60000
      soma_cm=0.05
      soma_Rm=24000
   }
  
  if (ifn==72) {
      load_file( 1, "Zone4_72.hoc" )
      nodes[0] {diam(0:1)=2.5:1.512  L=1 nseg=1}
      nodes[1] {diam(0:1)=2.0:1.7 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "nodec" {diam=1.7 L=1 nseg=1}
      forsec "myelinc" {diam=1.7 L=170 nseg=3}
      term {diam=1.8 L=200 nseg=5}
      myelinc[0].L=90
      aXm_cm=0.01
      aXm_Rm=120000
      soma_cm=0.04
      soma_Rm=30000
   }

  access axon[0]   //  axon[0] is just before the first branch point
  distance()
  
  forall {
    insert pas
  }
  forsec "bouton" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_b"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_b"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_b"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_b"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_b"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_b"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_b"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  forsec "soma" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_s"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_s"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_s"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_s"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_s"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_s"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_s"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  forsec "axon" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_a"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_a"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_a"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_a"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_a"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_a"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_a"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  forsec "iseg" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_i"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_i"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_i"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_i"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_i"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_i"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_i"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  forsec "myelin" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_m"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_m"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_m"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_m"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_m"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_m"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_m"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  forsec "node" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_n"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_n"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_n"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_n"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_n"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_n"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_n"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  forsec "term" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_t"))	insert Nav16
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_t"))	insert Kv31  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_t"))	insert Kv3s  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_t"))	insert Kv12  
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_t"))	insert Kv43A
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_t"))	insert Kv7M
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_t"))	insert H_HCNl
  }
  HC = new List()
  Bsyns = new List()
  ncl = new List()
  forsec "bouton" {
    HCi = get_HCi( HC )			// get hc of current bouton
    syn = new afhcsyn_i0( 0.5 ) 	// create synapse for bouton
    syn.tau = syntau			// first cut fit
//    syn.atau = synatau			// determines wait interval
//    syn.del  = syndel			//  delay to settle down
//    syn.dist=distance(0.5)
    Bsyns.append( syn )
    ncl.append( new NetCon( HC.o(HCi), syn, 0, 0, 1000 )) // Connect them
  }
  for i=0, ncl.count-1 ncl.o(i).weight = swdef     
  print_HC_bouton()
}

proc print_HC_bouton(){local dist
  for ih=0, HC.count-1{
//    printf( "HC %d xyz %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f tau %g\n", ih, HC.o(ih).xp, HC.o(ih).yp, HC.o(ih).zp, HC.o(ih).tau )
    printf( "HC %d xy  %4.1f %4.1f tau %g\n", ih, HC.o(ih).xp, HC.o(ih).yp, HC.o(ih).tau )
    for in=0, ncl.count-1 if( HC.o(ih)==ncl.o(in).pre ){
      ncl.o(in).postloc 
      dist=distance(0.5)
      printf( "\t%25s xy %4.1f, %4.1f %4.1f ncl_i %d %s %g %g %g \n", secname(), x3d(1), y3d(1), z3d(1), in, ncl.o(in).syn(), dist, Bsyns.o(in).tau, ncl.o(in).weight ) 
      pop_section() 
    }
  }
}

proc print_HC_bouton_file(){local dist localobj aF
  strdef strs1
  strs1 = $s1
  aF = new File()
  aF.wopen(strs1)
  for ih=0, HC.count-1{
//    aF.printf( "HC %d xyz %4.1f %4.1f %4.1f tau %g\n", ih, HC.o(ih).xp, HC.o(ih).yp, HC.o(ih).zp, HC.o(ih).tau )
    aF.printf( "HC %d xy %4.1f %4.1f tau %g\n", ih, HC.o(ih).xp, HC.o(ih).yp, HC.o(ih).tau )
    for in=0, ncl.count-1 if( HC.o(ih)==ncl.o(in).pre ){
      ncl.o(in).postloc 
      dist=distance(0.5)
      aF.printf( "\t%25s xyz %4.1f, %4.1f %4.1 ncl_i %d %s %g %g %g \n", secname(), x3d(1), y3d(1), z3d(1), in, ncl.o(in).syn(), dist, Bsyns.o(in).tau, ncl.o(in).weight ) 
      pop_section() 
    }
  }
}
  
  
//================================================================================
proc init_cell(){	

  forall {
    e_pas	= G_e_pas
    g_pas	= 1 / G_Rm
    Ra		= G_Ra
    cm		= G_cm
    if( var_defined( "G_ena"))	ena	= G_ena
    if( var_defined( "G_ek"))	ek	= G_ek
  }
  forsec "myelin" {
    cm		= aXm_cm
    g_pas	= 1/aXm_Rm
  }
  forsec "nodes" {        // not actual nodes. bracket soma.  assumed myelinated
    cm		= aXm_cm
    g_pas	= 1/aXm_Rm
  }
  forsec "soma" {
    cm		= soma_cm
    g_pas	=1/soma_Rm
  }
  forsec "soma" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_s"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_s
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_s"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_s
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_s"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_s
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_s"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_s
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_s"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_s
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_s"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_s
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_s"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_s
  }
  forsec "iseg" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_i"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_i
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_i"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_i
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_i"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_i
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_i"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_i
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_i"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_i
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_i"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_i
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_i"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_i
  }
  forsec "myelin" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_m"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_m
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_m"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_m
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_m"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_m
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_m"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_m
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_m"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_m
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_m"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_m
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_m"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_m
  }
  forsec "bout" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_b"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_b
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_b"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_b
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_b"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_b
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_b"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_b
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_b"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_b
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_b"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_b
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_b"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_b
  }
  forsec "axon" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_a"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_a
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_a"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_a
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_a"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_a
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_a"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_a
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_a"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_a
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_a"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_a
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_a"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_a
  }
  forsec "axon[0]" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_a1"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_a1
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_a1"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_a1
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_a1"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_a1
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_a1"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_a1
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_a1"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_a1
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_a1"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_a1
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_a1")) gbar_H_HCNl	= Gbar_H_HCNl_a1
  }
  forsec "node" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_n"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_n
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_n"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_n
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_n"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_n
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_n"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_n
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_n"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_n
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_n"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_n
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_n"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_n
  }

  forsec "nodes" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_ns"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_ns
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_ns"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_ns
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_ns"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_ns
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_ns"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_ns
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_ns"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_ns
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_ns"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_ns
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_ns")) gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_ns
  }

  forsec "nodec" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_nc"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_nc
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_nc"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_nc
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_nc"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_nc
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_nc"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_nc
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_nc"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_nc
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_nc"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_nc
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_nc")) gbar_H_HCNl	= Gbar_H_HCNl_nc
  }
  forsec "term" {
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Nav16_t"))	gbar_Nav16 = Gbar_Nav16_t
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv12_t"))	gbar_Kv12	= Gbar_Kv12_t
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv31_t"))	gbar_Kv31	= Gbar_Kv31_t
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv3s_t"))	gbar_Kv3s	= Gbar_Kv3s_t
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv43A_t"))	gbar_Kv43A	= Gbar_Kv43A_t
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_Kv7M_t"))	gbar_Kv7M	= Gbar_Kv7M_t
    if( var_defined( "Gbar_H_HCNl_t"))	gbar_H_HCNl = Gbar_H_HCNl_t
  }


  set_nseg( lambda_f_d )
  ad=0
  ib=0
  forsec "bou" {
     ad = ad+diam
     ib=ib+1
   }
   ad=ad/ib
  ad1=1.6
   print "ave bou diam ", ad, " ", ib, "cdiam= ", ad1
}    

proc set_nseg(){
  nseg_tot = 0
  //  soma area( 0.5 )
  forall { 
    if( lambda_f_d <= 0 ) nseg = 1
    if( lambda_f_d > 0 ) nseg = int((L/($1 *lambda_f(100))+.9)/2)*2 + 1 
    nseg_tot += nseg
  }
  forsec "bou" {
     nseg=3
     nseg_tot=nseg_tot+2
  }
  forsec "iseg" {
     if (nseg=1) {
        nseg=3
        nseg_tot=nseg_tot+2
     }
  }
  forsec "soma" {
     if (nseg=1) {
        nseg=3
        nseg_tot=nseg_tot+2
     }
  }
  forsec "axon" {
     if (nseg=1) {
        nseg=3
        nseg_tot=nseg_tot+2
     }
  }
  forsec "myel" {
     if (nseg=1) {
        nseg=3
        nseg_tot=nseg_tot+2
     }
  }
  printf( "lambda-d %g nseg_tot %d\n", $1, nseg_tot )
}

proc getg() {local rmm
   forall {
      rmm = 1/((g_Nav16(0.5) + g_Kv31(0.5)+g_Kv12(0.5)+g_Kv43A(0.5)+g_Kv3s(0.5)+g_Kv7M(0.5)+g_H_HCNl(0.5))*1e-4 + g_pas(0.5))
      print secname(), " ", rmm, " ", g_pas(0.5)*1e4, " ", g_Nav16(0.5), " ", g_Kv31(0.5), " ", g_H_HCNl(0.5)
   }
}

proc els() { local rmm, lam, el, lamp, elp
   forall {
      rmm = 1/((g_Nav16(0.5) + g_Kv31(0.5)+g_Kv12(0.5)+g_Kv43A(0.5)+g_Kv3s(0.5)+g_Kv7M(0.5)+g_H_HCNl(0.5))*1e-4 + g_pas(0.5))
      lam = sqrt ((rmm*diam*1e-4)/(Ra*4))
      el = L*1e-4/lam
      lamp = sqrt ((1/g_pas(0.5)*diam*1e-4)/(Ra*4))
      elp = L*1e-4/lamp
      printf ("%-11s %8.4f %8.4f %8.4f %8.4f\n",  secname(), lam, lamp, el, elp )
   }
}

proc els_file() { local rmm,lam,el,lamp,elp localobj dF
   strdef strs3
   strs3=$s1
   dF= new File()
   dF.wopen(strs3)
   forall {
      rmm = 1/((g_Nav16(0.5) + g_Kv31(0.5)+g_Kv12(0.5)+g_Kv43A(0.5)+g_Kv3s(0.5)+g_Kv7M(0.5)+g_H_HCNl(0.5))*1e-4 + g_pas(0.5))
      lam = sqrt ((rmm*diam*1e-4)/(Ra*4))
      el = L*1e-4/lam
      lamp = sqrt ((1/g_pas(0.5)*diam*1e-4)/(Ra*4))
      elp = L*1e-4/lamp
      dF.printf ("%-11s %10.2 %8.4f %8.4f %8.4f %8.4f\n",  secname(), rmm, lam, lamp, el, elp) 
   }
}

proc rate() { local ataun    // enter as rate per second, comverted to wait time in ms
   ataun=$1
   if(ataun > 0) {
      for i=0,HC.count-1 HC.o(i).tau=1e3/ataun
   } else {
      for i=0,HC.count-1 HC.o(i).tau=0
   }
}

proc weig() {local neww
   neww=$1
   for i=0,ncl.count-1 ncl.o(i).weight=neww
   print" synaptic weights now = ",neww
}

proc nsyntau() { local newt
   newt=$1
   for i=0,Bsyns.count-1 Bsyns.o(i).tau=newt
}

proc sw_by_cdiam() { local i
   for i=0,ncl.count-1 {
      ncl.o(i).postloc
      ncl.o(i).weight=ncl.o(i).weight*diam/ad1
      printf("%-12s %8.3f\n", secname(), ncl.o(i).weight)
      pop_section()
   }
}

proc sw_by_diam() { local i
   for i=0,ncl.count-1 {
      ncl.o(i).postloc
      ncl.o(i).weight=ncl.o(i).weight*diam/ad
      printf("%-12s %8.3f\n", secname(), ncl.o(i).weight)
      pop_section()
   }
}


proc init() { local dtsav, temp, t2, t1, t0, dt2, dt1, dt0, it0, it1, it2
   init_cell()
   finitialize (v_init) 
//                             added this 
   t2 = 3e9 
   t1 = 100
   t0 = 30
   dt2 = 1e8   dt1 = 0.1 
   dt0 = 0.1 
   it0 = -1*t0
   it1 = -1*(t0 + t1)
   it2 = -1*(t0 + t1 + t2) 
      
   t = it2
   dtsav = dt
   dt = dt2 
//                             to here (also added local variables)
//   t = -1e10                  remove 3 lines 
//   dtsav = dt   
//   dt=1e9
   //  if cvode is on, turn it off to do large fixed step
   temp = cvode.active() 
   if (temp != 0) {cvode.active(0) }

   while (t < it1) {
//   while (t<-1e9)  {         change while
      fadvance()
   }
//                              add this 
   dt=dt1
   cvode.active(1)
   cvode.atol(1e-4)
   while ( t<it0) {
      fadvance()
   }
   cvode.active(0)
   dt = dt0
   t = it0
   while(t<0) {
      fadvance()
   }
//                              to here

   // restore cvode if necessary
   if (temp != 0) { cvode.active(1) }
   dt = dtsav
   t=0
   if (cvode.active()) {
      cvode.re_init()
   } else {
      fcurrent()
   }
   frecord_init()
}

//================================================================================

snci = 0 
proc stim_nci(){ local i, ts, atau localobj fih  // stimulates a single synapse
  ts = tstop
  tstop=40
  atau=HC.o(0).tau
  for i=0,HC.count-1 HC.o(i).tau=0
  if( $1 < 0 ) {
    ncl.o(snci).event(10)
  } else {
    snci = $1
    fih = new FInitializeHandler( "stim_nci(-1)" )
    run()
  }
  tstop = ts
  for i=0,HC.count-1 HC.o(i).tau=atau
}
proc plot_syns() { local i
  for i=0,ncl.count-1 {
     stim_nci(i)
  }
}

proc plot_onehc() { local i, atau, ts, ihc   //  one hc, could be many synapses
   atau = HC.o(0).tau
   ts = tstop
   tstop=40
   for i=0,HC.count-1 {
      HC.o(i).tau=0
      HC.o(i).del=1000
   }
   if ($1 < 0) { 
        ihc =0 
   } else { 
        ihc  = $1
   }
   HC.o(ihc).del=10    
   run()      
   for i=0, HC.count-1 {
      HC.o(i).del=0
      HC.o(i).tau=atau
   }
   tstop=ts
}
     

proc plot_allhc() { local i, atau, ts  // all hair cells 
   atau = HC.o(0).tau
   ts = tstop
   for i=0,HC.count-1 {
      HC.o(i).tau=0
      HC.o(i).del=1000
   }
   tstop=40
   for i=0, HC.count-1 {
      HC.o(i).del=10
      run()      
      HC.o(i).del=1000
   }
   for i=0, HC.count-1 {
      HC.o(i).del=0
      HC.o(i).tau=atau
   }
   tstop=ts
}


proc remove_M() {
  Gbar_Kv7M_a=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_a1=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_i=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_m=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_n=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_t=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_b=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_s=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_ns=0
  Gbar_Kv7M_nc=0
}

proc remove_D() {
  Gbar_Kv12_a=0
  Gbar_Kv12_a1=0
  Gbar_Kv12_i=0
  Gbar_Kv12_m=0
  Gbar_Kv12_n=0
  Gbar_Kv12_t=0
  Gbar_Kv12_b=0
  Gbar_Kv12_s=0
  Gbar_Kv12_ns=0
  Gbar_Kv12_nc=0
}
proc remove_Ks () {
  Gbar_Kv3s_a=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_a1=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_i=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_m=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_n=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_t=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_b=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_s=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_ns=0
  Gbar_Kv3s_nc=0
}
proc change_H() { local fach
  fach=$1
  Gbar_H_HCNl_a = Gbar_H_HCNl_a*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_a1 = Gbar_H_HCNl_a1*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_i = Gbar_H_HCNl_i*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_m = Gbar_H_HCNl_m*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_n = Gbar_H_HCNl_n*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_t = Gbar_H_HCNl_t*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_b = Gbar_H_HCNl_b*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_s = Gbar_H_HCNl_s*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_ns = Gbar_H_HCNl_ns*fach
  Gbar_H_HCNl_nc = Gbar_H_HCNl_nc*fach
}

proc change_D() { local facd
  facd=$1
  Gbar_Kv12_a = Gbar_Kv12_a*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_a1 = Gbar_Kv12_a1*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_i = Gbar_Kv12_i*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_m = Gbar_Kv12_m*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_n = Gbar_Kv12_n*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_t = Gbar_Kv12_t*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_b = Gbar_Kv12_b*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_s = Gbar_Kv12_s*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_ns = Gbar_Kv12_ns*facd
  Gbar_Kv12_nc = Gbar_Kv12_nc*facd
}

proc change_M() { local facm
  facm=$1
  Gbar_Kv7M_a = Gbar_Kv7M_a*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_a1 = Gbar_Kv7M_a1*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_i = Gbar_Kv7M_i*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_m = Gbar_Kv7M_m*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_n = Gbar_Kv7M_n*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_t = Gbar_Kv7M_t*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_b = Gbar_Kv7M_b*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_s = Gbar_Kv7M_s*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_ns = Gbar_Kv7M_ns*facm
  Gbar_Kv7M_nc = Gbar_Kv7M_nc*facm
}

proc restore_M() {
  Gbar_Kv7M_a=4
  Gbar_Kv7M_a1=4
  Gbar_Kv7M_i=120
  Gbar_Kv7M_m=0.12
  Gbar_Kv7M_n=80
  Gbar_Kv7M_t=12
  Gbar_Kv7M_b=4
  Gbar_Kv7M_s=0.12
  Gbar_Kv7M_ns=0.12
  Gbar_Kv7M_nc=80
}

proc restore_D() {
  Gbar_Kv12_a=10
  Gbar_Kv12_a1=10
  Gbar_Kv12_i=300
  Gbar_Kv12_m=0.3
  Gbar_Kv12_n=200
  Gbar_Kv12_t=30
  Gbar_Kv12_b=10
  Gbar_Kv12_s=0.3
  Gbar_Kv12_ns=0.3
  Gbar_Kv12_nc=200
}
proc arun1() {local i, n, y, th, avg, avgm1, sd, SS, cv, rate, spikes, freq  localobj nc, nil, vec_v, vec_t, sT2
   vec_v = new Vector()
   vec_t = new Vector()
   sT2 = new Vector()
   soma nc = new NetCon(&v(.5),nil)
   nc.threshold=-20
   nc.record(sT2)
//   cvode.record ( &v(0.5), vec_v, vec_t)
   run()
//   th=-20
   n=0
   sd=0
   cv=0
   avg=0
   y=sT2.x[0]
//   print vec_v.size , vec_t.size, sT2.size
//   for i=1,vec_v.size-1 {
//      if(vec_v.x[i] >= th && vec_v.x[i-1] < th) sT2.append(vec_t.x[i])
//    }
//   print vec_v.size , vec_t.size, sT2.size
//      for i=0,sT2.size-1 print sT2.x[i]
      print sT2.x[0],y,n,avg,sd,cv
      for i=1,sT2.size-1 {
      y=sT2.x[i]-sT2.x[i-1]
      n+=1
      if(n==1) {
         avg = y
         SS=0
         print sT2.x[1], y, n, avg, sd, cv
      } else {
         avgm1 = avg
         avg = avgm1 + (y - avgm1)/n
         SS = SS + (y - avgm1)*(y - avg)
         if(n > 1) sd = sqrt(SS/(n-1))
         if (avg !=0.0) cv = sd/avg
         print sT2.x[i], y, n, avg, sd, cv
      }
   }
   if(n > 1) sd = sqrt(SS/(n-1))
   if (avg != 0.0) cv = sd/avg
   if (HC.o(0).tau > 0) {
       rate=1e3/HC.o(0).tau
       } else { rate=0}
   spikes = sT2.size
   freq = spikes*1e3/tstop
   printf( "tstop %9g  HCrate %8g spikes %6g freq %8g Hz   avgISI %8g sd %8g cv %8g\n", tstop, rate, spikes, freq, avg, sd, cv)
 }

proc printm() {
  forsec "mye" print secname(), " ", diam, " ", L
}

//================================================================================

proc set_params()  {
  v_init = -60
  G_e_pas = -60
  G_Ra = 50
  G_cm = 1
  aXm_cm = 0.04
  aXm_Rm = 30000
  soma_cm = 0.1
  soma_Rm = 12000
  atau_ribbon1 = 0
  G_Rm = 2000           
 
  Gbar_Nav16_a1		= 160
  Gbar_Kv31_a1		= 34  
  Gbar_Kv3s_a1		= 6 
  Gbar_Kv12_a1		= 10   
  Gbar_Kv7M_a1		= 4 
  Gbar_Kv43A_a1		= 14 
  Gbar_H_HCNl_a1	= 11.233 * fac 
  
  Gbar_Nav16_a		= 160
  Gbar_Kv31_a		= 34  
  Gbar_Kv3s_a		= 6  
  Gbar_Kv12_a		= 10  
  Gbar_Kv7M_a		= 4  
  Gbar_Kv43A_a		= 14  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_a		= 11.233 * fac 

  Gbar_Nav16_m		= 4.8 
  Gbar_Kv31_m		= 1.02  
  Gbar_Kv3s_m		= 0.18  
  Gbar_Kv12_m		= 0.3  
  Gbar_Kv7M_m		= 0.12  
  Gbar_Kv43A_m		= 0.42  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_m		= 0.337 * fac 

  Gbar_Nav16_i		= 4800
  Gbar_Kv31_i		= 1020  
  Gbar_Kv3s_i		= 180  
  Gbar_Kv12_i		= 300  
  Gbar_Kv7M_i		= 120  
  Gbar_Kv43A_i		= 420  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_i		= 337 * fac 

  Gbar_Nav16_ns		= 4.8 
  Gbar_Kv31_ns		= 1.02  
  Gbar_Kv3s_ns		= 0.18  
  Gbar_Kv12_ns		= 0.3  
  Gbar_Kv7M_ns		= 0.12  
  Gbar_Kv43A_ns		= 0.42  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_ns		= 0.337 * fac 
  
  Gbar_Nav16_nc		= 3200
  Gbar_Kv31_nc		= 680  
  Gbar_Kv3s_nc		= 120  
  Gbar_Kv12_nc		= 200  
  Gbar_Kv7M_nc		= 80  
  Gbar_Kv43A_nc		= 280  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_nc		= 224.67 * fac 
  
  Gbar_Nav16_n		= 3200
  Gbar_Kv31_n		= 680  
  Gbar_Kv3s_n		= 120  
  Gbar_Kv12_n		= 200  
  Gbar_Kv7M_n		= 80  
  Gbar_Kv43A_n		= 280  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_n		= 224.67 * fac 
  
  Gbar_Nav16_b		= 160
  Gbar_Kv31_b		= 34  
  Gbar_Kv3s_b		= 6  
  Gbar_Kv12_b		= 10  
  Gbar_Kv7M_b		= 4  
  Gbar_Kv43A_b		= 14  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_b		= 11.233 * fac 
  
  Gbar_Nav16_s		= 4.8 
  Gbar_Kv31_s		= 1.02  
  Gbar_Kv3s_s		= 0.18  
  Gbar_Kv12_s		= 0.3  
  Gbar_Kv7M_s		= 0.12  
  Gbar_Kv43A_s		= 0.42  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_s		= 0.337 * fac 
  
  Gbar_Nav16_t		= 480
  Gbar_Kv31_t		= 102  
  Gbar_Kv3s_t		= 18  
  Gbar_Kv12_t		= 30  
  Gbar_Kv7M_t		= 12  
  Gbar_Kv43A_t		= 42  
  Gbar_H_HCNl_t		= 33.7 * fac 
  
  vhalf_n_Nav16 		= -40	
  slope_n_Nav16		= -4.5	
  gates_n_Nav16		= 3
  tau0_n_Nav16		= 0.04
  tauA_n_Nav16		= 0.2     
  tauG_n_Nav16		= 0.75   
  tauF_n_Nav16		= 0	
  tauDv_n_Nav16		= 0	
  
  vhalf_h_Nav16 		= -65	
  slope_h_Nav16 		= 8
  tau0_h_Nav16		= 0.0  
  tauA_h_Nav16 		= 8  
  tauG_h_Nav16		= 0.5   
  tauF_h_Nav16		= 0
  tauDv_h_Nav16 		= 0
  
  gates_n_Kv31		= 4
  vhalf_n_Kv31 		= -15
  slope_n_Kv31		= -15.6 
  tau0_n_Kv31		= 1 
  tauA_n_Kv31		= 3  
  tauG_n_Kv31		= 0.25  
  tauF_n_Kv31		= 0
  tauDv_n_Kv31		= 0	
  
  gates_n_Kv3s		= 4  
  vhalf_n_Kv3s 		= -23  
  slope_n_Kv3s		= -7  
  tau0_n_Kv3s		= 4       
  tauA_n_Kv3s		= 45  
  tauG_n_Kv3s		= 0.25  
  tauF_n_Kv3s		= 0
  tauDv_n_Kv3s		= 0	
  
  gates_n_Kv12		= 4
  vhalf_n_Kv12 		= -48
  slope_n_Kv12		= -6 
  tau0_n_Kv12		= 1.5     
  tauA_n_Kv12		= 5.0  
  tauG_n_Kv12		= 0.34
  tauF_n_Kv12		= 0
  tauDv_n_Kv12		= 0	
  
  vhalf_h_Kv12	 	= -71
  slope_h_Kv12 		= 10  
  tau0_h_Kv12		= 50 
  tauA_h_Kv12		= 300 
  tauG_h_Kv12		= 0.5  
  tauF_h_Kv12		= 0
  tauDv_h_Kv12		= 0
  
  gates_n_H_HCNl		= 2   
  vhalf_n_H_HCNl 	= -98  
  slope_n_H_HCNl		= 9  
  tau0_n_H_HCNl		= 14.7   
  tauA_n_H_HCNl		= 107  
  tauG_n_H_HCNl		= 0.37  
  tauF_n_H_HCNl		= 0
  tauDv_n_H_HCNl		= 0
  
  gates_ns_H_HCNl	= 1  
  vhalf_ns_H_HCNl 	= -98  
  slope_ns_H_HCNl	= 9  
  tau0_ns_H_HCNl		= 161.3  
  tauA_ns_H_HCNl		= 367  
  tauG_ns_H_HCNl		= 0.3975  
  tauF_ns_H_HCNl		= 0
  tauDv_ns_H_HCNl	= 0
  
  gates_n_Kv7M		= 1
  vhalf_n_Kv7M 		= -41 	
  slope_n_Kv7M		= -6
  tau0_n_Kv7M		= 1.5  
  tauA_n_Kv7M		= 54  
  tauG_n_Kv7M		= 0.5 
  tauF_n_Kv7M		= 0
  tauDv_n_Kv7M		= 0
  
  gates_n_Kv43A		= 4
  vhalf_n_Kv43A 		= -32	
  slope_n_Kv43A		= -6.0
  tau0_n_Kv43A		= 0.2  
  tauA_n_Kv43A		= 2.5 
  tauG_n_Kv43A		= 0.4 
  tauF_n_Kv43A		= 0
  tauDv_n_Kv43A		= 0
  
  vhalf_h_Kv43A 		= -64
  slope_h_Kv43A 		= 6.5
  tau0_h_Kv43A		= 4  
  tauA_h_Kv43A 		= 20 
  tauG_h_Kv43A		= 0.5
  tauF_h_Kv43A		= 0
  tauDv_h_Kv43A		= 0

  G_ena=50
  G_ek=-81
  
}

proc print_kin() {
   printf ( "Nav16   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_Nav16, slope_n_Nav16, tau0_n_Nav16, tauA_n_Nav16, tauG_n_Nav16, tauF_n_Nav16)
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_h_Nav16, slope_h_Nav16, tau0_h_Nav16, tauA_h_Nav16, tauG_h_Nav16, tauF_h_Nav16)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv12   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_Kv12, slope_n_Kv12, tau0_n_Kv12, tauA_n_Kv12, tauG_n_Kv12, tauF_n_Kv12)
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_h_Kv12, slope_h_Kv12, tau0_h_Kv12, tauA_h_Kv12, tauG_h_Kv12, tauF_h_Kv12)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv31   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_Kv31, slope_n_Kv31, tau0_n_Kv31, tauA_n_Kv31, tauG_n_Kv31, tauF_n_Kv31)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv3s   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_Kv3s, slope_n_Kv3s, tau0_n_Kv3s, tauA_n_Kv3s, tauG_n_Kv3s, tauF_n_Kv3s)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv7M   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_Kv7M, slope_n_Kv7M, tau0_n_Kv7M, tauA_n_Kv7M, tauG_n_Kv7M, tauF_n_Kv7M)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv43A   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_Kv43A, slope_n_Kv43A, tau0_n_Kv43A, tauA_n_Kv43A, tauG_n_Kv43A, tauF_n_Kv43A)
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_h_Kv43A, slope_h_Kv43A, tau0_h_Kv43A, tauA_h_Kv43A, tauG_h_Kv43A, tauF_h_Kv43A)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "H_HCNl   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_n_H_HCNl, slope_n_H_HCNl, tau0_n_H_HCNl, tauA_n_H_HCNl, tauG_n_H_HCNl, tauF_n_H_HCNl)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "H_HCNls   v0.5  slope    tau0    tauA   tauG   tauF \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %6.3f  %6.3f \n", vhalf_ns_H_HCNl, slope_ns_H_HCNl, tau0_ns_H_HCNl, tauA_ns_H_HCNl, tauG_ns_H_HCNl, tauF_ns_H_HCNl)
   printf ("\n")
}
proc print_RMkin() {
   printf ( "RMna    v0.5  slope    v0.5_h   slope_h           \n")
   printf ( "%8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f  %8.3f \n", vhalf_m_RMna, slope_m_RMna, vhalf_h_RMna, slope_h_RMna )
   printf ("\n")
}

proc print_gbar() {
   printf ( "Nav16  a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_Nav16_a, Gbar_Nav16_b, Gbar_Nav16_a1, Gbar_Nav16_i, Gbar_Nav16_m, Gbar_Nav16_n, Gbar_Nav16_ns, Gbar_Nav16_s, Gbar_Nav16_nc, Gbar_Nav16_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv31   a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_Kv31_a, Gbar_Kv31_b, Gbar_Kv31_a1, Gbar_Kv31_i, Gbar_Kv31_m, Gbar_Kv31_n, Gbar_Kv31_ns, Gbar_Kv31_s, Gbar_Kv31_nc, Gbar_Kv31_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv3s   a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_Kv3s_a, Gbar_Kv3s_b, Gbar_Kv3s_a1, Gbar_Kv3s_i, Gbar_Kv3s_m, Gbar_Kv3s_n, Gbar_Kv3s_ns, Gbar_Kv3s_s, Gbar_Kv3s_nc, Gbar_Kv3s_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv12   a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_Kv12_a, Gbar_Kv12_b, Gbar_Kv12_a1, Gbar_Kv12_i, Gbar_Kv12_m, Gbar_Kv12_n, Gbar_Kv12_ns, Gbar_Kv12_s, Gbar_Kv12_nc, Gbar_Kv12_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv7M   a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_Kv7M_a, Gbar_Kv7M_b, Gbar_Kv7M_a1, Gbar_Kv7M_i, Gbar_Kv7M_m, Gbar_Kv7M_n, Gbar_Kv7M_ns, Gbar_Kv7M_s, Gbar_Kv7M_nc, Gbar_Kv7M_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "Kv43A  a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_Kv43A_a, Gbar_Kv43A_b, Gbar_Kv43A_a1, Gbar_Kv43A_i, Gbar_Kv43A_m, Gbar_Kv43A_n, Gbar_Kv43A_ns, Gbar_Kv43A_s, Gbar_Kv43A_nc, Gbar_Kv43A_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "H_HCNl  a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_H_HCNl_a, Gbar_H_HCNl_b, Gbar_H_HCNl_a1, Gbar_H_HCNl_i, Gbar_H_HCNl_m, Gbar_H_HCNl_n, Gbar_H_HCNl_ns, Gbar_H_HCNl_s, Gbar_H_HCNl_nc, Gbar_H_HCNl_t)
   printf ("\n")
}
proc print_RMgbar() {
   printf ( "RMna  a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_RMna_a, Gbar_RMna_b, Gbar_RMna_a1, Gbar_RMna_i, Gbar_RMna_m, Gbar_RMna_n, Gbar_RMna_ns, Gbar_RMna_s, Gbar_RMna_nc, Gbar_RMna_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "RMklt a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_RMklt_a, Gbar_RMklt_b, Gbar_RMklt_a1, Gbar_RMklt_i, Gbar_RMklt_m, Gbar_RMklt_n, Gbar_RMklt_ns, Gbar_RMklt_s, Gbar_RMklt_nc, Gbar_RMklt_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "RMkht a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_RMkht_a, Gbar_RMkht_b, Gbar_RMkht_a1, Gbar_RMkht_i, Gbar_RMkht_m, Gbar_RMkht_n, Gbar_RMkht_ns, Gbar_RMkht_s, Gbar_RMkht_nc, Gbar_RMkht_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "RMka  a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_RMka_a, Gbar_RMka_b, Gbar_RMka_a1, Gbar_RMka_i, Gbar_RMka_m, Gbar_RMka_n, Gbar_RMka_ns, Gbar_RMka_s, Gbar_RMka_nc, Gbar_RMka_t)
   printf ("\n")
   printf ( "RMih  a         b          a1       iseg         my       nod         ns       soma        nodc      term \n")
   printf ( "%9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f  %9.4f \n", Gbar_RMih_a, Gbar_RMih_b, Gbar_RMih_a1, Gbar_RMih_i, Gbar_RMih_m, Gbar_RMih_n, Gbar_RMih_ns, Gbar_RMih_s, Gbar_RMih_nc, Gbar_RMih_t)
   printf ("\n")
}

//================================================================================
// Begin execution
taudef=0.3
swdef=	400
HCrate = 20   
ad=0
ib=0
fac=1.0
cvode.active(1)
cvode.atol(1e-3)
lambda_f_d = 0.1

set_params()
do_cell()
remove_D()
remove_M()
tstop = 1e3

load_file("i6s-hc.ses")
proc keep_lines() {
   Graph[0].exec_menu("Keep Lines")
   Graph[1].exec_menu("Keep Lines")
}
proc erase() {
   Graph[0].exec_menu("Erase")
   Graph[1].exec_menu("Erase")
}
proc change_node() {
   Graph[1].erase_all()
   if (ifn==1) {Graph[1].addexpr("node[6].v(0.5)",1,1,0.65,0.8,2)}
   if (ifn==2) {Graph[1].addexpr("node[3].v(0.5)",1,1,0.65,0.8,2)}
   if (ifn==5) {Graph[1].addexpr("node[4].v(0.5)",1,1,0.65,0.8,2)}
   if (ifn==72) {Graph[1].addexpr("node[10].v(0.5)",1,1,0.65,0.8,2)}
   if (ifn !=1 && ifn !=2 && ifn !=5 && ifn !=72) { 
      print " invalid cell entry"
   } else {
      do_cell()
      rate(Prate)
   }
}
init()



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