Hippocampus temporo-septal engram shift model (Lytton 1999)

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Accession:7400
Temporo-septal engram shift model of hippocampal memory. The model posits that memories gradually move along the hippocampus from a temporal encoding site to ever more septal sites from which they are recalled. We propose that the sense of time is encoded by the location of the engram along the temporo-septal axis.
Reference:
1 . Lytton WW, Lipton P (1999) Can the hippocampus tell time? The temporo-septal engram shift model. Neuroreport 10:2301-6 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Realistic Network;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Hippocampus;
Cell Type(s):
Channel(s): I Na,t; I K;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s): GabaA; AMPA;
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: NEURON;
Model Concept(s): Pattern Recognition; Temporal Pattern Generation; Spatio-temporal Activity Patterns; Simplified Models;
Implementer(s): Lytton, William [bill.lytton at downstate.edu];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  GabaA; AMPA; I Na,t; I K;
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lytton99
README
AMPA.mod
GABAA.mod
kdr.mod
matrix.mod *
naf.mod *
passiv.mod *
pulse.mod *
sinstim.mod *
vecst.mod
vecst.mod.orig
bg.inc *
bg_cvode.inc
boxes.hoc *
declist.hoc *
decvec.hoc *
default.hoc *
directory
fig1.gif
grvec.hoc
init.hoc
ivl.vecs
labels.hoc
loadr.hoc *
local.hoc
mosinit.hoc
net.hoc
netcon.inc
nrnoc.hoc
ovl.vecs
params.hoc *
params.hoc.SAV *
proc.hoc
run.hoc
simctrl.hoc *
spkts.hoc
syncode.hoc
tmpl.hoc
                            
// $Id: declist.hoc,v 1.17 1999/09/16 22:15:10 billl Exp $

proc declist() {}

//* Declarations

begintemplate String2
public s,t
strdef s,t
proc init() {
  if (numarg() == 1) { s=$s1 }
  if (numarg() == 2) { s=$s1 t=$s2 }
}
endtemplate String2

strdef mechnames
objref tmplist,tmplist2
tmplist = new List()

//* list iterator ltr
// usage 'for ltr(XO, tmplist) { print XO }'
iterator ltr() { local i
  if (numarg()==3) {$&3=0} else {i1 = 0}
  for i = 0, $o2.count() - 1 {
    $o1 = $o2.object(i)
    iterator_statement
    if (numarg()==3) { $&3+=1 } else { i1+=1 }
  }
  $o1 = nil
}

//* list iterator ltr2
// usage 'for ltr2(XO, YO, list1, list2) { print XO,YO }'
iterator ltr2() { local i
  if (numarg()==5) {$&5=0} else {i1 = 0}
  if ($o3.count != $o4.count) { print "ltr2 ERROR: lists have different lengths" return }
  for i = 0, $o3.count() - 1 {
    $o1 = $o3.object(i)
    $o2 = $o4.object(i)
    iterator_statement
    if (numarg()==5) { $&5+=1 } else { i1+=1 }
  }
  $o1=nil $o2=nil
}

//* list pairwise iterator ltrp
// usage 'for ltrp(XO, YO, list) { print XO,YO }' takes them pairwise
iterator ltrp() { local i
  if (numarg()==4) {$&4=0} else {i1 = 0}
  for (i=0;i<$o3.count()-1;i+=2) {
    $o1 = $o3.object(i) $o2 = $o3.object(i+1)
    iterator_statement
    if (numarg()==4) { $&4+=1 } else { i1+=1 }
  }
  $o1=nil $o2=nil
}

//* list iterator sltr
// usage 'for sltr(XO, string) { print XO }'
iterator sltr() { local i
  tmplist = new List($s2)
  if (numarg()==3) {$&3=0} else {i1=0}
  for i = 0, tmplist.count() - 1 {
    $o1 = tmplist.object(i)
    iterator_statement
    if (numarg()==3) { $&3+=1 } else { i1+=1 }
  }
  $o1 = nil
}

//* listedit() allows you to remove things by clicking
proc listedit () {
  if (numarg()==0) { print "listedit(list,str) gives browser(list,str) for removing items" return}
  if (numarg()==1) {
  if (! isstring($o1.object(0),temp_string_)) {print "Give name for string of object?" return }
    sprint(temp_string_,"proc ledt1 () {sprint(temp_string_,%s,hoc_ac_,%s.object(hoc_ac_).%s)}","\"%d:%s\"",$o1,"s")
  } else {
    sprint(temp_string_,"proc ledt1 () {sprint(temp_string_,%s,hoc_ac_,%s.object(hoc_ac_).%s)}","\"%d:%s\"",$o1,$s2)
  }
  execute1(temp_string_)
  $o1.browser("Double click on item to remove",temp_string_,"ledt1()")
  sprint(temp_string_,"%s.remove(hoc_ac_)",$o1)
  $o1.accept_action(temp_string_)
}


//* listXO() connects stuff to XO from a list
proc listXO () {
  if (numarg()==1) {
    $o1.browser("Double click")
    sprint(temp_string_,"print hoc_ac_,\":XO -> \",%s.object(hoc_ac_) XO = %s.object(hoc_ac_)",$o1,$o1)
    $o1.accept_action(temp_string_)
  } else if (numarg()==2) {
    $o1.browser($s2)
    sprint(temp_string_,"XO = %s.object(hoc_ac_) print %s.object(hoc_ac_).%s",$o1,$o1,$s2)
    $o1.accept_action(temp_string_)
  } else if (numarg()==3) {
    $o1.browser($s2)
    sprint(temp_string_,"XO = %s.object(hoc_ac_) print %s.object(hoc_ac_).%s,%s.object(hoc_ac_).%s",$o1,$o1,$s2,$o1,$s3)
    $o1.accept_action(temp_string_)
  }
}

//* lcatstr(list,s1,s2,...) make new List("s1") new List("s2") ... in one list
proc lcatstr() { local i
  if (numarg()<3) { print "lcatstr(l1,s1,s2,...) puts new Lists into l1" return }
  $o1 = new List($s2)
  for i=3,numarg() {
    tmplist2 = new List($si)
    for ltr(XO,tmplist2) { $o1.append(XO) }  
  }
}

//* sublist() places a sublist in LIST0 from LIST1 index BEGIN to END inclusive
proc sublist () { local ii
  $o1.remove_all
  for ii=$3,$4 {
    $o1.append($o2.object(ii))
  }
}

//* catlist() concats LIST2...LISTN on end of LIST1
proc catlist () { local i
  for i = 2, numarg() {
    for ltr(YO,$oi) {
      $o1.append(YO)
    }
  }
}  

//* mechlist() creates a LIST of all this CELL type's TEMPLATE type
// list, cell, template
// make a list of mechanisms belonging to a certain template
proc mechlist () { local num,ii
//  mechnames = ""  // not a good storage since runs out of room
  if (numarg()==0) { print "mechlist(list, cell, template)" return}
  $o1 = new List($s2)
  num = $o1.count
  for ii=0,num-1 {
    sprint(temp_string_,"%s.append(%s.%s)",$o1,$o1.object(ii),$s3)
    execute(temp_string_)
    sprint(mechnames,"%s/%d/%s.%s",mechnames,ii,$o1.object(ii),$s3)
  }
  for (ii=num-1;ii>=0;ii=ii-1) { $o1.remove(ii) }
}

//* lp() loop through a list running command in object's context
// assumes list in tmplist
// with 1 args run $o1.object().obj_elem
// with 2 args run comm($o1.object().obj_elem)
proc lp () {
  for ii=0,tmplist.count-1 {
    printf("%s ",tmplist.object(ii))
    if (numarg()==2) {
      sprint(temp_string_,"%s(%s.%s)",$s2,tmplist.object(ii),$s1)
    } else {
      sprint(temp_string_,"%s.%s",tmplist.object(ii),$s1)
    }
    execute(temp_string_)
  }
}

//* prlp() loop through a list printing object name and result of command
proc prlp () {
  for ii=0,tmplist.count-1 {
    printf("%s ",tmplist.object(ii))
    if (numarg()==1) {
      sprint(temp_string_,"print %s.%s",tmplist.object(ii),$s1)
      execute(temp_string_)
    } else { print "" }
  }
}

//** repl_str(str,stra,strb,scratch): replace stra with strb in string
// will only replace first string match
proc repl_str() {
  if (sfunc.substr($s1,$s2) == -1) { print $s2," not in ",$s1  return }
  sfunc.tail($s1,$s2,$s4)
  sprint($s4,"%s%s",$s3,$s4)
  sfunc.head($s1,$s2,$s1)
  sprint($s1,"%s%s",$s1,$s4)
}


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