ModelDB is moving. Check out our new site at https://modeldb.science. The corresponding page is https://modeldb.science/79145.

An oscillatory neural model of multiple object tracking (Kazanovich and Borisyuk 2006)

 Download zip file 
Help downloading and running models
Accession:79145
An oscillatory neural network model of multiple object tracking is described. The model works with a set of identical visual objects moving around the screen. At the initial stage, the model selects into the focus of attention a subset of objects initially marked as targets. Other objects are used as distractors. The model aims to preserve the initial separation between targets and distractors while objects are moving. This is achieved by a proper interplay of synchronizing and desynchronizing interactions in a multilayer network, where each layer is responsible for tracking a single target. The results of the model simulation are presented and compared with experimental data. In agreement with experimental evidence, simulations with a larger number of targets have shown higher error rates. Also, the functioning of the model in the case of temporarily overlapping objects is presented.
Reference:
1 . Kazanovich Y, Borisyuk R (2006) An oscillatory neural model of multiple object tracking. Neural Comput 18:1413-40 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Connectionist Network;
Brain Region(s)/Organism:
Cell Type(s):
Channel(s):
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: C or C++ program;
Model Concept(s): Oscillations; Spatio-temporal Activity Patterns; Simplified Models;
Implementer(s): Kazanovich, Yakov [yakov_k at impb.psn.ru]; Borisyuk, Roman [rborisyuk at plymouth.ac.uk];
// Mot.cpp : Multiple Object Tracking
// Project MOT
// Kazanovich June 2005

#include "StdAfx.h"
#include "mot.h"

//***** Subprograms *****

void My_error(CString);
double rn();

//***** External variables *****

extern int it;
struct network net[noaf];
struct connections *connec;
struct parameters par;
struct integration integr;
struct image im;
struct imageproc improc;

const double pi = 3.1415926535;

ofstream out1, out2, out3, out4;

//================ s/p Netalloc =================
// Allocation of memory for the network

void Netalloc(void)
{
	int oaf;
	for (oaf = 0; oaf < noaf; oaf++)
	{
		net[oaf].osc = new oscillator[par.n + 1];
		if (!net[oaf].osc) My_error("Not enough memory for oscillators1");
	}

	
	connec = new connections[par.n + 1];
	if (!connec) My_error("Not enough memory for connections");
}

//===================== s/p Netinit ================
// Network initialization

void Netinit()
{
int i, j, k, oaf;
long n = par.n;

	for (oaf = 0; oaf < noaf; oaf++)
	{
		//***** Initialization of CO

		net[oaf].osc[0].amp = par.camp;
		net[oaf].osc[0].omega0 = par.comega;
		net[oaf].osc[0].omega = net[oaf].osc[0].omega0;
		net[oaf].osc[0].teta = pi*rn(); 
		net[oaf].osc[0].state = active;

		//***** Initialization of POs
	
		//----- Initialization of natural frequencies
		k = 1;
		for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++)
			for (j = 0; j < ncolumns; j++)
			{
				double freq = im.intens[i][j];
				net[oaf].osc[k].state = (freq != 0)? active : dead;
				net[oaf].osc[k].amp = (net[oaf].osc[k].state == active)? par.amp : 0;			
				net[oaf].osc[k].omega0 = freq;
				net[oaf].osc[k].omega = net[oaf].osc[k].omega0;
				k++;
			}
	
		//----- Initialization of phases	
		k = 1;
		for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++)
			for (j = 0; j < ncolumns; j++)
			{
				net[oaf].osc[k].teta = 0.0;
				if (net[oaf].osc[k].state == active)
				{	net[oaf].osc[k].teta = pi*rn(); }
				k++;
			}
	}
}

//===================== s/p Netreinit ================
// Network reinitialization after image changing

void Netreinit()
{
int i, j, k, oaf;
long n = par.n;

	for (oaf = 0; oaf < noaf; oaf++)
	{
		//***** Reinitialization of POs
	
		k = 1;	// index of a PO
		for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++)
			for (j = 0; j < ncolumns; j++)
			{
				double freq = im.intens[i][j];	
				net[oaf].osc[k].state = (freq != 0)? active : dead;
				if (net[oaf].osc[k].state == dead)
				{
					net[oaf].osc[k].amp = 0;
					net[oaf].osc[k].teta = 0.0;	
				}
				if (net[oaf].osc[k].state == active && net[oaf].osc[k].amp == 0) 
				{	
					net[oaf].osc[k].amp = par.amp;
					net[oaf].osc[k].teta = pi*rn(); 
				}
				net[oaf].osc[k].omega0 = freq;
				k++;
			}
	}
}
//================ s/p Trajopen ===========
// Opening files for trajectories

#define FOMEGA	"traj\\omega.tra"	// file for frequencies trajectories
#define FTETA	"traj\\teta.tra"	// file for phase trajectories
#define FAMP	"traj\\amp.tra"		// file for amplitudes trajectories
#define FOBJ	"traj\\obj.tra"		// file for object coordinates

void Trajopen()
{
	CString str = "Can't open file ", str1;
	

	out1.open(FOMEGA);
	str1 = str + FOMEGA;
	if (!out1) My_error(str1);
	
	out2.open(FTETA);
	str1 = str + FTETA;
	if (!out2) My_error(str1);	
	
	out3.open(FAMP);
	str1 = str + FAMP;
	if (!out3) My_error(str1);	

	out4.open(FOBJ);
	str1 = str + FOBJ;
	if (!out4) My_error(str1);	

}
//================ s/p Trajsave =============
// Saving trajectories
double r(double x);	// defined in Eqintegr.cpp

void Trajsave()
{
int i, j, k, oaf;

	double time = it*integr.dt;

	out1.precision(4);
	out2.precision(4);
	out3.precision(4);

	out1 << "time = " << setw(7) << time << endl;
	out2 << "time = " << setw(7) << time << endl;
	//out3 << "time = " << setw(7) << time << endl;
	
	for (oaf = 0; oaf < noaf; oaf++)
	{
		out1 << oaf << "  " << net[oaf].osc[0].omega << endl;
		out2 << oaf << "  " << r(net[oaf].osc[0].teta) << endl;
		//out3 << oaf << "  " << net[oaf].osc[0].amp << endl;
		
		k = 1;
		for (i = 0; i < nrows; i++)
		{
			for (j = 0; j < ncolumns; j++)
			{
				out1 << setw(8) << net[oaf].osc[k].omega;
				out2 << setw(8) << r(net[oaf].osc[k].teta);
				out3 << setw(8) << net[oaf].osc[k].amp;
				k++;
			}
			out1 << endl;
			out2 << endl;
			out3 << endl;
		}
		//out1 << endl;
		//out2 << endl;
		out3 << endl;
	}

	
	// Saving taget coordinates
	//out4 << setw(7) << time;
	for (i = 0; i < nobj; i++)
	{					
		if (im.obj[i].type == target)
		{
			int x = im.obj[i].cx;
			int y = im.obj[i].cy;
			out4 << setw(5) << x << setw(5) << y;
		}
	}
	out4 << endl;
}
//==================== Trajclose ====================
//***** Closing files for trajectories

void Trajclose()
{
	out1.close();
	out2.close();
	out3.close();
	out4.close();
}

//==================== Neighbours =======================
// Computation of nearest neighbours of a point z 
// in the table nrows*ncolumns. 
// Absence of a neighbour is coded by -1.

void Neighbours(long z, long nrows, long ncolumns,
				long & left, long & right, 
				long & top, long & bottom)
{
	long z1 = z - 1;// enumaration starts from 1
	long r = z1%ncolumns;	// column
	long l = z1/ncolumns;	// row

left = right = top = bottom = -1;
if (r > 0) left = z - 1;
if (r < ncolumns - 1) right = z + 1;
if (l > 0) top = z - ncolumns;
if (l < nrows - 1) bottom = z + ncolumns;
}

//==================== Connec ============================
// Connections initialization. 
// Connection is active if the neighbour exists and is not dead

void Connec()
{
	int i;
	for (long z = 1; z <= par.n; z++)
	{
		long left, right, top, bottom;
		
		Neighbours(z, nrows, ncolumns, left, right, top, bottom);
		
		long nghb[4];
		nghb[0] = left;
		nghb[1] = right;
		nghb[2] = top;
		nghb[3] = bottom;
		int ncon = 0;
		for (i = 0; i < 4; i++)
		{	
			if (nghb[i] != -1 && net[0].osc[nghb[i]].state != dead) 
			{	
				connec[z].source[ncon] = nghb[i];
				ncon++;
			}
		}
		connec[z].ncon = ncon;
	}
}


Loading data, please wait...