1. Shields CR, Tran MN, Wong RO and Lukasiewicz PD. (2000) Distinct ionotropic GABA receptors mediate presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition in retinal bipolar cells. J Neurosci 20:2673-82.

NeuronCompartmentPropertyConnectivityNotes
Retina bipolar GLU cellAxon terminalGaba.GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptor-mediated currents were observed in the isolated terminal (Pan ZH, 20012 ). Isolated rod-dominant on-center bipolar cells respond to GABA, the highest sensitivity of which being located at the axon terminal (Tachibana M and Kaneko A, 19873 ). Zn2+ modulates the inhibitory interaction between amacrine and bipolar cells, particularly that mediated by the GABA(C) receptor(Kaneda M et al, 20004 ). In retinal bipolar cells of bullfrog, both axon terminals and dendrites showed high GABA sensitivity mediated by both GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors. GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors may play different roles in the outer and inner retina and the differential complements of the two receptors on OFF and ON BCs may be closely related to physiological functions of these cells (Du JL and Yang XL, 20005 ). GABA(A) receptors mediate GABAergic inhibition on bipolar cell dendrites in the OPL, that GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors mediate inhibition on axon terminals in the IPL, and that the GABA(C):GABA(A) on the terminals may tune the response characteristics of the bipolar cell (Shields CR et al, 20001 ).
Retina bipolar GLU cellDistal equivalent dendriteGabahorizontal cell?The pharmacologically isolated, GABAergic synaptic currents in bipolar cells were long-lasting (compared with those in in ganglion cells, which are relatively brief). The GABAA receptor component of the bipolar cell response was relatively brief compared with the GABAC receptor component (Lukasiewicz PD and Shields CR, 19986 ). In retinal bipolar cells of bullfrog, both axon terminals and dendrites showed high GABA sensitivity mediated by both GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors. GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors may play different roles in the outer and inner retina and the differential complements of the two receptors on OFF and ON BCs may be closely related to physiological functions of these cells (Du JL and Yang XL, 20005 ). GABA(A) receptors mediate GABAergic inhibition on bipolar cell dendrites in the OPL, that GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors mediate inhibition on axon terminals in the IPL, and that the GABA(C):GABA(A) on the terminals may tune the response characteristics of the bipolar cell (Shields CR et al, 20001 ).

Classical References: first publications on each compartmental property; search PubMed for complete list
1.  Shields CR, Tran MN, Wong RO and Lukasiewicz PD. (2000) Distinct ionotropic GABA receptors mediate presynaptic and postsynaptic inhibition in retinal bipolar cells. J Neurosci 20:2673-82.
2.  Pan ZH. (2001) Voltage-activated Ca2+ channels and ionotropic GABA receptors localized at axon terminals of mammalian retinal bipolar cells. Vis Neurosci 18:279-88.
3.  Tachibana M and Kaneko A. (1987) gamma-Aminobutyric acid exerts a local inhibitory action on the axon terminal of bipolar cells: evidence for negative feedback from amacrine cells. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 84:3501-5.
4.  Kaneda M, Andrásfalvy B and Kaneko A. (2000) Modulation by Zn2+ of GABA responses in bipolar cells of the mouse retina. Vis Neurosci 17:273-81.
5.  Du JL and Yang XL. (2000) Subcellular localization and complements of GABA(A) and GABA(C) receptors on bullfrog retinal bipolar cells. J Neurophysiol 84:666-76 [Journal] .
6.  Lukasiewicz PD and Shields CR. (1998) Different combinations of GABAA and GABAC receptors confer distinct temporal properties to retinal synaptic responses. J Neurophysiol 79:3157-67 [Journal] .