Motoneuron model of self-sustained firing after spinal cord injury (Kurian et al. 2011)

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Accession:140788
" ... During the acute-stage of spinal cord injury (SCI), the endogenous ability to generate plateaus is lost; however, during the chronic-stage of SCI, plateau potentials reappear with prolonged self-sustained firing that has been implicated in the development of spasticity. In this work, we extend previous modeling studies to systematically investigate the mechanisms underlying the generation of plateau potentials in motoneurons, including the influences of specific ionic currents, the morphological characteristics of the soma and dendrite, and the interactions between persistent inward currents and synaptic input. ..."
Reference:
1 . Kurian M, Crook SM, Jung R (2011) Motoneuron model of self-sustained firing after spinal cord injury. J Comput Neurosci 31:625-45 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Spinal motoneuron;
Cell Type(s): Spinal cord lumbar motor neuron alpha ACh cell;
Channel(s): I Na,p; I K,Ca; I CAN; I Sodium; I Potassium; I Ca,p;
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: XPPAUT; MATLAB;
Model Concept(s): Simplified Models; Active Dendrites; Intrinsic plasticity; Synaptic Integration;
Implementer(s): Kurian, Mini ; Crook, Sharon ;
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Spinal cord lumbar motor neuron alpha ACh cell; I Na,p; I K,Ca; I CAN; I Sodium; I Potassium; I Ca,p;
function run_twocomp
% Basic two compartment SCI motoneuron model with synaptic inputs
% Based on Booth Rinzel model parameters 
% Appropriate ICs has been put in
% Soma is coupled with the dendrite using a coupling conductance
% Synaptic inputs have been added to the dendrites
% A ramp current in soma is used to activate the cell 
% This program calls the ODE solver to solve the system

% First define all of the constant parameters

% Input membrane parameters from file

% Soma pulse current         
%scales=20;
%tons=1000;
%toffs=3000;

% Soma ramp current
offset=0;
scale=0.01;
ton=0;
toff=10000;
tswitch=2500;

% Synaptic pulse current parameters
scaled=0;
tond=1340;
toffd=2500;

gc=0.1;
p=0.1;
c=1;

gna=120;
ena=55;
thetamna=-35;           
kmna=-7.8;
thetahna=-55;
khna=7;

gkdr=100;
ek=-80;
thetan=-28;
kn=-15;

gscan=14;
eca=80;
thetamsca=-30;
kmscan=-5;
taumscan=16;            % Different from BR model
thetahsca=-45;
khscan=5;
tauhscan=160;           % Different from BR model

gskca=3.136;
gdkca=.69;

gl=0.51;
el=-60;                
f=0.01;
alpha1=0.009;
alpha2=0.009;
kca=2;

gcap=0.33;              % Parameters for fig.2e and 2f
thetamcap=-40;
kmcap=-7;
taumcap=40;

gnap=0.2;               % Parameters for fig.2e and 2f
thetamnap=-25;
kmnap=-4;
taumnap=40;

% No Synaptic Inputs
gsynbar=0; 
esyn=0;
tausyn=0.2;
period=20;

% Excitatory Synaptic parameters
%gsynbar=.1;  
%esyn=0;
%tausyn=0.2;
%period=20;

% Inhibitory Synaptic parameters
%gsynbar=.05;   
%esyn=-81;
%tausyn=0.65;
%period=20;

% Set up vector of variables
soma_var=6;             % First 6 entries are for soma variables
dend_var=4;             % # of variables in dendrite compartment
sy=soma_var + dend_var; % # of equations
y0 = zeros(sy,1);       % Allocate vector for solver

% Define the initial conditions
% No input steady state
y0(1)=-55.1076;         % vs
y0(2)=0.5038;	          % hna
y0(3)=0.1410;	          % n
y0(4)=0.0066;           % mscan
y0(5)=0.8830;           % hscan
y0(6)=0.0003;           % cas

y0(7)=-53.2093;         % vd
y0(8)=0.0260;           % cad
y0(9)=0.1316;           % mcap
y0(10)=0.0009;          % mnap

% Solve the system 
tic;
[t,y]=ode15s(@compmini,[0,10000],y0);
time=toc

z=length(t);
Isapp=zeros(z,1);
ICaP=zeros(z,1);
for i=1:z
    %Isapp(i)=scales*heav(t(i)-tons)*heav(toffs-t(i)); %for pulse
    Isapp(i)=offset+scale*(t(i)-ton)*(heav(t(i)-ton)*heav(toff-t(i)))+...
      2*scale*(tswitch-t(i))*(heav(t(i)-tswitch)*heav(toff-t(i))); % for ramp
    %ICaP(i)=gcap*y(i,9)*(y(i,7)-eca);
end

save temp1 t y Isapp ICaP;
% Plot membrane potentials 
y1=y(:,1);
ramp(t,y(:,1),Isapp); %ramp.m MATLAB code makes the plots in figure 2 format


%----------------------------------------------------------------
% Beginning of nested functions
%----------------------------------------------------------------

function h=heav(t)
    
% Define the heaviside function, since the command `heaviside(t)' 
% in matlab gives NaN when t = 0.

        h=zeros(size(t));
        h(t>0)=1;
end                      % end of heav function compmini

%----------------------------------------------------------------
function yp=compmini(t,y)

% Two compartment SCI motoneuron model
% Function defines rhs of system for solving
% Grab variables for soma and vectors for dendrite from previous 
% timestep
 
vs=y(1);
hna=y(2);
n=y(3);
mscan=y(4);
hscan=y(5);
cas=y(6);

vd=y(7);
cad=y(8);
mcap=y(9);
mnap=y(10);

% Initialize output vector y prime
sy = length(y);
yp = zeros(sy,1);

% rhs for Soma Compartment

% Membrane potential equation
mna=1/(1+exp((vs-thetamna)/kmna));
INa=gna*mna^3*hna*(vs-ena);
IKdr=gkdr*n^4*(vs-ek);
IsCaN=gscan*mscan^2*hscan*(vs-eca);
IsKCa=gskca*(cas/(cas+0.2))*(vs-ek);
Isleak=gl*(vs-el);
% Pulse Input
%Isapp=scales*heav(t-tons)*heav(toffs-t);
%Idapp=scaled*heav(t-tond)*heav(toffd-t);
% Ramp Input
Isapp=offset+scale*(t-ton)*(heav(t-ton)*heav(toff-t))+...
      2*scale*(tswitch-t)*(heav(t-tswitch)*heav(toff-t));

% equation for soma membrane potential
yp(1)=(-INa-IKdr-IsCaN-IsKCa-Isleak+Isapp+gc*((vd-vs)/p))/c;
		  
% equation for hna
hnainf=1/(1+exp((vs-thetahna)/khna));
tauhna=120/(exp((vs+50)/15)+exp(-(vs+50)/16));
yp(2)=(hnainf-hna)/tauhna;

% equation for n
ninf=1/(1+exp((vs-thetan)/kn));
taun=28/(exp((vs+40)/40)+exp(-(vs+40)/50));
yp(3)=(ninf-n)/taun;

% equation for mscan
mscaninf=1/(1+exp((vs-thetamsca)/kmscan));
yp(4)=(mscaninf-mscan)/taumscan;

% equation for hscan
hscaninf=1/(1+exp((vs-thetahsca)/khscan));
yp(5)=(hscaninf-hscan)/tauhscan;

% equation for cas
yp(6)=f*(-alpha1*IsCaN-kca*cas);

% Now dendrite Compartments
IdKCa=gdkca*(cad/(cad+0.2))*(vd-ek);
Idleak=gl*(vd-el);
ICaP=gcap*mcap*(vd-eca);
INaP=gnap*mnap*(vd-ena);

tloc=mod(t,period)*heav(t-tond)*heav(toffd-t);
gsyn=gsynbar*(tloc/tausyn)*(exp(1-(tloc/tausyn)));
Isyn=gsyn*(vd-esyn);


% Equation for vd
%yp(7)=(-IdKCa-ICaP-INaP-Idleak+gc*((vs-vd)/(1-p)))/c;

% Equation for vd with synapse
yp(7)=(-IdKCa-ICaP-INaP-Idleak-Isyn+gc*((vs-vd)/(1-p)))/c;


% Equation for cad
yp(8)=f*(-alpha2*ICaP-kca*cad);

% Equation for mcap
mcapinf=1/(1+exp((vd-thetamcap)/kmcap));
yp(9)=(mcapinf-mcap)/taumcap;

% Equation for mnap
mnapinf=1/(1+exp((vd-thetamnap)/kmnap));
yp(10)=(mnapinf-mnap)/taumnap;

end                      % end of function compmini

%----------------------------------------------------------------
% End of nested functions 
%----------------------------------------------------------------

end                      % end of function run_twocomp

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