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Region-specific atrophy in dendrites (Narayanan, Narayan, Chattarji, 2005)

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Accession:147756
...in this study, we develop an algorithm that uses statistics from precise morphometric analyses to systematically remodel neuronal reconstructions. We use the distribution function of the ratio of two normal distributed random variables to specify the probabilities of remodeling along various regions of the dendritic arborization. We then use these probabilities to drive an iterative algorithm for manipulating the dendritic tree in a region-specific manner. As a test, we apply this framework to a well characterized example of dendritic remodeling: stress-induced dendritic atrophy in hippocampal CA3 pyramidal cells. We show that our pruning algorithm is capable of eliciting atrophy that matches biological data from rodent models of chronic stress. <br>
Reference:
1 . Narayanan R, Narayan A, Chattarji S (2005) A probabilistic framework for region-specific remodeling of dendrites in three-dimensional neuronal reconstructions. Neural Comput 17:75-96 [PubMed]
Model Information (Click on a link to find other models with that property)
Model Type: Neuron or other electrically excitable cell; Dendrite;
Brain Region(s)/Organism: Hippocampus;
Cell Type(s): Hippocampus CA3 pyramidal GLU cell;
Channel(s):
Gap Junctions:
Receptor(s):
Gene(s):
Transmitter(s):
Simulation Environment: C or C++ program;
Model Concept(s): Influence of Dendritic Geometry;
Implementer(s): Narayanan, Rishikesh [rishi at iisc.ac.in];
Search NeuronDB for information about:  Hippocampus CA3 pyramidal GLU cell;
#include"Sholl.h"


/*****************************************************************/
// ShollAnalyze Class Files 
/*****************************************************************/

Sholl :: Sholl ():SWC()
{
	ls=new LineStruct;
	ls -> x=new double[MAXPTS];
	ls -> y=new double[MAXPTS];
	ls -> z=new double[MAXPTS];

	sdata.na=0;
	sdata.nb=0;
}

/*****************************************************************/

void Sholl :: createLine (SWCData s1, SWCData s2)
{			
	double x,y,z;
	double x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2;
	x1=s1.x; y1=s1.y; z1=s1.z;
	x2=s2.x; y2=s2.y; z2=s2.z;

	double dist=sqrt((x2-x1)*(x2-x1) + (y2-y1)*(y2-y1) + (z2-z1)*(z2-z1));

	int number=(int)(ceil(dist/RESLN))+1;


	if(number > MAXPTS){
		cerr << "ERROR: No. of pts in line greater than MAX and is: " 
			 << number << endl;
		exit(1);
	}	


	double b1=(x2-x1)/dist;		// Make it unit length vector
	double b2=(y2-y1)/dist;
	double b3=(z2-z1)/dist;

	x=x1;y=y1;z=z1;

	int i=0;

	for(double t=RESLN; t<=dist; t+=RESLN){
		ls -> x[i]=x1+t*b1;
		ls -> y[i]=y1+t*b2;
		ls -> z[i]=z1+t*b3;
		i++;
	}	

/* We have to add the last point to the Line Structure. However, if the
 * last pt generated is actually the the actual last point, we would not
 * want to do that.
 */

	if (i<=0) {
		ls -> x[0]=x1;	
		ls -> y[0]=y1;
		ls -> z[0]=z1;
	
		ls -> x[1]=x2;
		ls -> y[1]=y2;
		ls -> z[1]=z2;

		ls -> num=2;
		return;
	}	
	double tdist;
	tdist=fabs(x2-ls->x[i-1])+fabs(y2-ls->y[i-1])+fabs(z2-ls->z[i-1]);

	if(tdist!=0){ 	// If the last pt generated and the actual last point differ
		ls -> x[i]=x2;	// The last point is added; but not the first point.
		ls -> y[i]=y2;
		ls -> z[i]=z2;
		ls -> num=i+1;
	}
	else{ 
		ls -> num=i;
	}	
}	


/*****************************************************************/

ShollData & Sholl :: ShollAnalysis ()
{
	somax=0; somay=0; somaz=0;
	int j,i=0;
	int count=1;		// Initial count is 1 for reasons given below.

	isRead();

	for(i=1;i<ncomp;i++){	//0th point does not have valid parent
		if(Comptmt[i].tc==1){	// If the current point is part of soma
			createLine(Comptmt[Comptmt[i].ppi-1],Comptmt[i]);
			for(j=0; j<ls -> num; j++){
				somax+=ls -> x[j];
				somay+=ls -> y[j];
				somaz+=ls -> z[j];
				count ++;
			}
		}	
	}		

	somax += Comptmt[0].x;	// The first point is added;
	somay += Comptmt[0].y;	// Hence initial count above is 1.
	somaz += Comptmt[0].z;

	// Compute CoG of the Soma.

	somax /= count ;
	somay /= count ;
	somaz /= count ;

	cerr << "\nCentroid of Soma is: " << somax << "  " 
		 << somay << "  " << somaz << endl ;

	double dist;
	double tx1, tx2;
	double ty1, ty2;
	double tz1, tz2;
	double bmax=0.0;
	double amax=0.0;

	sdata.basalcount=new double[MAXTRACK];
	sdata.apicalcount=new double[MAXTRACK];
	double ipdist;

	for(i=0; i<MAXTRACK; i++){
		sdata.basalcount[i] =0;
		sdata.apicalcount[i] =0;
	}

	for(i=1;i<ncomp;i++){
		if(Comptmt[i].tc==3  || Comptmt[i].tc==4){ 	//  Sholl's for dendrites.
			createLine(Comptmt[Comptmt[i].ppi-1],Comptmt[i]);
			for(j=0; j<ls -> num; j++){
				dist=0.0;
				dist += (somax-ls->x[j])*(somax-ls->x[j]);
				dist += (somay-ls->y[j])*(somay-ls->y[j]);
				dist += (somaz-ls->z[j])*(somaz-ls->z[j]);
				dist=sqrt(dist);

				if(j == 0){	
					tx1=Comptmt[Comptmt[i].ppi-1].x;
					ty1=Comptmt[Comptmt[i].ppi-1].y;
					tz1=Comptmt[Comptmt[i].ppi-1].z;
				}	
				else{
					tx1=ls->x[j-1];
					ty1=ls->y[j-1];
					tz1=ls->z[j-1];
				}

				tx2=ls -> x[j];
				ty2=ls -> y[j];
				tz2=ls -> z[j];
						
				ipdist=sqrt((tx1-tx2)*(tx1-tx2)+ (ty1-ty2)*(ty1-ty2)+
							(tz1-tz2)*(tz1-tz2));

				if(Comptmt[i].tc==3){
					sdata.basalcount[(int)(dist/(double)STLENGTH)]+=
										ipdist/RESLN;
					if (dist>bmax) bmax=dist;
				}	
				if(Comptmt[i].tc==4){
					sdata.apicalcount[(int)(dist/(double)STLENGTH)]+=
										ipdist/RESLN;
					if (dist>amax) amax=dist;
				}	
			}	
		}	
	}	

	sdata.nb=1+(int)(bmax/(double)STLENGTH);
	sdata.na=1+(int)(amax/(double)STLENGTH);

	ComputeTotalLength();

	return sdata;
}

/*****************************************************************/

void Sholl :: WriteSholl(char * bfilename)
{
	isDone ();
	char * flname=new char [35];
	if(!bfilename){
		cout << "\nGive output SHL basefilename : ";
		cin >> flname ;
	}
	else strcpy(flname,bfilename);     
	
	char * filename=new char [35];
	sprintf(filename,"%s.asl",flname);
	ofstream aoutfile (filename);
	int i;
	
	for(i=0; i<sdata.na; i++){
		aoutfile << sdata.apicalcount[i] << endl ;
	}	

	sprintf(filename,"%s.bsl",flname);
	ofstream boutfile (filename);

	for(i=0; i<sdata.nb; i++){
		boutfile << sdata.basalcount[i] << endl ;
	}	

	//delete(flname);
	//delete(filename);
}	
	
/*****************************************************************/

void Sholl :: ComputeTotalLength()
{
	isDone ();
	totlen=0.0;

	int i;
	
	for(i=0; i<sdata.na; i++){
		totlen += sdata.apicalcount[i];
	}	


	for(i=0; i<sdata.nb; i++){
		totlen += sdata.basalcount[i];
	}	

	cerr << "Total dendritic length is: " << totlen << endl ;

}	
	
/*****************************************************************/

void Sholl :: isDone()
{
	if(!sdata.na){
		cerr << "\nSholl's analysis is not yet done.\n";
		exit(1);
	}	
}

/*****************************************************************/


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