%%%% BASIC PARAMETERS SCRIPT - Mark Humphries 6/1/2006 %%% FOR Gamma-band with D2 agonist %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% PARAMETERS THAT MOST OFTEN CHANGE %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%% random seed rand('state',seed1); randn('state',seed1); %%%% simulation time time_seconds = 10; %total simulation time in seconds (usually 10) do_urethane = 0; %%%% dopamine dop1 = 0.3; dop2 = 1; % tonic dopamine level (in [0 1] range) (0.3) % same weight calculation as in systems level model %%%% inputs % In the following, for % selection xpt - 'vivo' (basic tonic with poisson stats) % tonic rate calibration - 'vivo' % (for tonic rates a rule of thumb is % 30-30-12 for GPe-GPi-STN resp) % slow wave xpt - 'slow' (anaesthetic-like correlated slow-wave, uses the fixed train+jitter model) % organo xpt - 'organo' (correlated tonic, uses the fixed train+jitter model) input_type = 'vivo'; switches = [0.2, 0.5, 1] .* time_seconds; % in seconds % In the following, for % selection xpt - 'switch' (switches salience at switch points using % conventional 'salience grid' paradigm % alternative is 'simultaneous' (switch % both channels at same time) % tonic rate calibration - 'tonic' (with 2-4Hz) - should probably set 'save-state' flag too % slow wave xpt - 'tonic' (with 24Hz after Steriade) % organo xpt - 'tonic' (rate?) input_method = 'tonic'; tonic_rate = 15; % in Hz rate_scaling = 0.2; % scale rates in input grid by this amount %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % specify basic network parameters %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% n_nuclei = 5; %SD1, SD2, STN, GPe, GPi n_channels = 3; neurons_per_channel = 64; neurons_per_nucleus = neurons_per_channel*n_channels; n_neurons = n_nuclei*neurons_per_nucleus; % specify connection proportion p_connect = 0.25; % cf 'rho' %specify nuclei indices SD1 = 1:neurons_per_nucleus; %Striatal D1 neurons SD2 = neurons_per_nucleus+1:2*neurons_per_nucleus; %Striatal D2 neurons STN = 2*neurons_per_nucleus+1:3*neurons_per_nucleus; %Subthalamic neurons GPe = 3*neurons_per_nucleus+1:4*neurons_per_nucleus; %Globus Pallidus internus GPi = 4*neurons_per_nucleus+1:5*neurons_per_nucleus; %Globus Pallidus externus EXT = 5*neurons_per_nucleus+1:6*neurons_per_nucleus; %Extrinsic input trace_n = GPe(75); % index of neuron to record in detail membrane potential, epsp, J,... % (number has to be less than No neurosn per nucleus) %specify time parameters dt = 0.0001; %time steps in seconds % other neuron parameters sigma_bg = 0.0003; %noise std dev - in V in solution of membrane eqn. ref = 0; %refractory membrane reset potential (in V) - (V_reset) ref_period = 0.002; %Absolute refractory period in seconds theta = ones(n_neurons,1)* 0.03; %thresholds given in V above resting potential theta(STN) = 0.02; % STN has lower firing threshold mlimit = ones(n_neurons,1) * -0.02; % limiting threshold below which membrane potential can't go: % mimics limiting effect of GABA reversal potential %time constants - one per neuron mean_tau_AMPA = 0.002; % AMPA component - 2ms excitatory current % 0.002 mean_tau_NMDA = 0.100; % NMDA component - 120ms excitatory current mean_tau_GABAa = 0.003; % GABAa - 2ms inhibitory current mean_tau_m = {0.025, ... % SD1 0.025, ... % SD2 0.006, ... % STN 0.014, ... % GPe 0.008}; % GPi/SNr 0.008 % adding noise to the time membrane constants % all nuclei have gaussian dist. except STN which is gamma (outside % parameter control block) std_tau_m = cell2mat(mean_tau_m) .* 0.1; % 10% std dev % variable resistances mean_R = {42e6, ... % SD1 42e6, ... % SD2 18e6, ... % STN 88e6, ... % GPe 112e6}; % GPi/SNr std_R = cell2mat(mean_R) .* 0.1; % 10% std dev % weights and associated parameters % the factors w_ij / tau_s are calculated to give currents that yield PSPs % of measured size. These are then *relative* weighting factors multiplied % by w_ij / tau_s SD1_w = -4; %-4; SD2_w = -4; %-4; STN_GPiw = 1.0; % 1 %%%%%%%%% STN GP loop %%%%%% STN_GPew = 1.0; %1.5 GPe_STNw = -1.0; % (1) set to -2 to get consistent bursting %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% GPe_GPiw = -1.0; %-1; % omit collaterals here GPe_GPew = -1; % -1 collaterals GPi_GPiw = -1; % -1 collaterals EXT_w = 1.0; % ctx input 1.0 STN_ext_ratio = 1.0; % cortico-subthalamic weight is EXT_w * STN_ext_ratio (1) %%%%%%%%% do urethane manipulation %%%%%%%%%%% scale = 1.0; %for historical reasons in code if do_urethane glut_scale = 0.65; % turn all glut wgts down (0.65? - KG) gaba_scale = 1.5; % turn all gaba wgts up else glut_scale = 1.0; gaba_scale = 1.0; end SD1_w = SD1_w .* gaba_scale; SD2_w = SD2_w .* gaba_scale; GPe_STNw = GPe_STNw .* gaba_scale; GPe_GPiw = GPe_GPiw .* gaba_scale; GPe_GPew = GPe_GPew .* gaba_scale; GPi_GPiw = GPi_GPiw .* gaba_scale; STN_GPiw = STN_GPiw .* glut_scale; STN_GPew = STN_GPew .* glut_scale; EXT_w = EXT_w .* glut_scale; %scale = (1/neurons_per_channel * p_connect); AMPA_PSP_size = 0.003; % max size in V (for all populations NMDA_PSP_size = 0.0001; % (0.0001) GABAa_PSP_size = 0.003; %PSP_sigma = PSP_size .* 0.1; % noise std is 10% of PSP PSP_sigma = 0.000; %0 % delays in seconds - axonal delays SD12GPi_d = 0.004; SD22GPe_d = 0.005; STN2GPe_d = 0.002; STN2GPi_d = 0.0015; GPe2STN_d = 0.004; %0.004 GPe2GPi_d = 0.003; GPe2GPe_d = 0.001; GPi2GPi_d = 0.001; EXT2SD1_d = 0.01; EXT2SD2_d = 0.01; EXT2STN_d = 0.0025; % dopamine coefficients stnda = [0.25 0.5 0]; % STN coefficients for proportion of dopamine that affects [AMPA GABAa Spon] % currents (all < 1) (don't have to sum to 1) % maybe spon = 0? % nominally [0.25 0.5 0.1]; gpeda = [0.5 0.5]; % GPe coefficients for proportion of dopamine that affects [SD2 STN] input - NOT specific currents as above %(don't have to sum to 1) nominally [0.5 0.5] %stnda = [0 0 0]; %%%%% shunting inhibition (current size computed in main code) % synaptic distributions [distal, prox, soma] - must sum to 1! (only % required for inhibitory synapses) SD12GPi_p = [1 0 0]; % distal only SD22GPe_p = [0.33 0.34 0.33]; % distal only GPe2STN_p = [0.3 0.4 0.3]; % [0.3 0.4 0.3]; GPe2GPi_p = [0 0.5 0.5]; GPe2GPe_p = [0 0.5 0.5]; GPi2GPi_p = [0 0.5 0.5]; max_scale = 0.5; % scale of maximum proximal and somatic inputs (beta in maths) shunt_to = -0.02; % target membrane potential (in volts) of shunting current % the value to which V is driven by I_shunt with % maximal inhibition %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% INTRINSIC CURRENTS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%% spontaneous currents (limited by Heaviside in main code) spon = zeros(n_neurons,1); % constant spontaneous input current for each neuron %spon(STN) = randn(length(STN),1)*(1e-11) + (9e-11); if do_urethane spon(STN) = 5e-10; %11.0e-10 for awake and 7e-10 for urethane (6.25? - KG?) else spon(STN) = 11e-10; end spon(GPe) = 3.8e-10; %4e-10 %spon(GPe) = randn(length(GPe),1)*(2e-11) + (4e-10); %spon(GPi) = randn(length(GPi),1)*(2.5e-11) + (2.5e-10); spon(GPi) = 3.9e-10; %3.6e-10 spon(SD1) = -2.5e-10; % -2.5e-10 spon(SD2) = -2.5e-10; % -2.5e-10 %% burst-current parameters mean_t1 = 0.2; % seconds 0.1 std_t1 = 0.01; mean_t2 = 1.0; % 0.5 std_t2 = 0.22; %~10% variance mean_thetaCA = -0.01; % volts (below rest) -0.01 std_thetaCA = -0.001; mean_alphaCA = 9e-10; % 9e-10. amperes - work out from membrane potential equation (e.g. set Hz=80) % may need adjustmentin a circuit to set % intra-burst freq = 80Hz (from Plenz and Kita) std_alphaCA = 9e-11; % 9e-11 ca_cells = STN; % array of cells with burst pseudo-current %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%% INPUTS %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% %%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% % current pulse pulse_Hz = 0.0; % frequency of pulses t_offset = 1; % start of pulse train (in seconds) t_width = 0.5; % width of pulse (in seconds) step_size = -1e-8; % in Amperes pulse_cells = []; % array of cells receiving pulse trains % state variable flags load_state = 1; % if = 1, loads initial state from state.mat save_state = 0; % if = 1, saves final state to state.mat